Intelligence: ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations. Alfred Binet: commissioned to make an unbiased test to identify which... Intelligence: ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations. Alfred Binet: commissioned to make an unbiased test to identify which students need help (Binet-Simon compare mental to chronological age). Lewis Terman: Stanford-Binet test (eugenist). IQ (Intelligence Quotient): mental / chronological age x 100. WAIS & WISC. Psychometrics: study of assessing, testing, and measuring. Standardization: making meaningful by comparing to pretest. Validity: is it accurate? Predictive validity: does it predict what it should predict? Construct validity: does it measure what it should measure? Reliability: is it consistent? Test-retest reliability: is it consistent over time? Split-half reliability: split in 2 and compare. Aptitude test: predicts learning ability. Achievement test: reflects learned knowledge. Spearman/General Intelligence: overarching IQ encompasses all areas. L.L. Thurstone: Primary Mental Abilities: disagrees with Spearman; identifies 7 mental ability clusters. Howard Gardner: Multiple Intelligences includes verbal linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, and intrapersonal intelligences. Sternberg: Triarchic Theory includes Practical, Analytical, and Creative intelligence. Cattell: Fluid and Crystallized intelligence; fluid is ability to reason quickly and abstractly, crystallized is accumulated knowledge and verbal skills. Cross-sectional research: compares people of different ages at the same point in time. Longitudinal studies: follow and retest the same people over time. Emotional intelligence: ability to understand and control emotional responses. Growth mindset: belief that improvement is always possible. Fixed mindset: belief that intelligence is innate. Claude Steele: Stereotype threat and Stereotype lift. Flynn effect: IQ increases over time. Savant Syndrome: lower IQ test score but excel at specific skills.
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The text provides a comprehensive overview of multiple theories and concepts related to intelligence, measuring intelligence, types of intelligence, and significant psychologists in the field. It outlines key terms and their definitions, each contributing to the understanding of intelligence and its evaluation.
Answer
The Binet-Simon test by Alfred Binet identified students needing help, foundational for IQ.
The Binet-Simon intelligence test was developed by Alfred Binet and was the first widely accepted intelligence test. It was commissioned to identify students needing educational assistance. The test laid the foundation for the concept of the Intelligence Quotient (IQ).
Answer for screen readers
The Binet-Simon intelligence test was developed by Alfred Binet and was the first widely accepted intelligence test. It was commissioned to identify students needing educational assistance. The test laid the foundation for the concept of the Intelligence Quotient (IQ).
More Information
Alfred Binet's Binet-Simon test was groundbreaking in the history of psychology because it introduced a systematic way to measure intellectual development and needs in children. It formed the basis for future intelligence testing and contributed to educational reforms.
Tips
A common mistake is confusing the Binet-Simon test with the Stanford-Binet test, which is an adaptation and extension of the former, developed later by Lewis Terman.
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