How do you distinguish primary & secondary alcohols by substitution method? How do you prepare 1,3-diketone from ethyl-acetoacetate? How do you prepare the following compounds from... How do you distinguish primary & secondary alcohols by substitution method? How do you prepare 1,3-diketone from ethyl-acetoacetate? How do you prepare the following compounds from diethyl malonate: (i) Glutaric acid (ii) Barbituric acid? Predict the major products of the following reactions.
Understand the Problem
The question is asking for methods to distinguish between primary and secondary alcohols, the preparation of a specific diketone from ethyl acetoacetate, and the preparation of certain compounds from diethyl malonate, as well as predicting major products from given reactions. This involves organic chemistry concepts and reactions.
Answer
Lucas test; Claisen condensation; malonic ester synthesis for Glutaric and Barbituric acids.
For distinguishing alcohols, use the Lucas test. To prepare 1,3-diketone, use Claisen condensation. Prepare Glutaric acid by malonic ester synthesis, and for Barbituric acid, add urea after malonic synthesis.
Answer for screen readers
For distinguishing alcohols, use the Lucas test. To prepare 1,3-diketone, use Claisen condensation. Prepare Glutaric acid by malonic ester synthesis, and for Barbituric acid, add urea after malonic synthesis.
More Information
The Lucas test is a method used in organic chemistry to differentiate primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols based on their reactivity. The malonic ester synthesis is a versatile method for preparing carboxylic acids and other compounds by alkylation, followed by hydrolysis and decarboxylation.
Tips
Common mistakes include confusing the Lucas test for tertiary alcohols, which react instantly. Ensure correct steps in the malonic ester synthesis, such as complete hydrolysis before decarboxylation.
Sources
- Acetoacetic Ester Synthesis - Chemistry LibreTexts - chem.libretexts.org
- Malonic Ester Synthesis - Master Organic Chemistry - masterorganicchemistry.com
- How do you distinguish between primary and secondary alcohols? - Socratic - socratic.org
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