History of programming language - complexity and security, introduction to basic concepts of object-oriented programming - concept of data hiding, abstraction, encapsulation, inher... History of programming language - complexity and security, introduction to basic concepts of object-oriented programming - concept of data hiding, abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance and polymorphism, comparison between procedural programming paradigm and object-oriented programming paradigm, problem solving strategies - Top Down, Bottom up, problems on array, inline functions, default arguments, function prototyping, function overloading, call by reference, call by value, call by pointer, return by reference, introduction to Name Space, specifying a class, creating class objects, accessing class members, access specifiers – public, private, and protected (explain with inheritance), objects and memory, static members, static objects, constant member function, constant objects, friend functions, friend class, passing object as an argument (by value, by reference, by address), returning object from a function, need for constructors and destructors, copy constructor and deep copy, dynamic constructors, destructors, constructors and destructors with static members, defining operator overloading, rules for overloading operators, overloading of unary operators, binary operators (+, -, /, *), binary operators using friend functions, manipulation of strings using operators overloading (>, <, ==), type conversion: basic type to class type, class type to basic type, class to class type, understanding pointers, accessing address of a variable, declaring & initializing pointers, accessing a variable through its pointer, pointer arithmetic, pointer to a pointer, pointer to a function, dynamic memory management - new and delete operators, pointers and classes, pointer to an object, pointer to a member, this pointer, possible problems with the use of pointers - dangling/wild pointers, null pointer assignment, memory leak and allocation failures, introduction - concept of reuse, defining derived classes, forms of inheritance (single, multilevel, multiple, hybrid & hierarchical), ambiguity in multiple and multipath inheritance (diamond problem), inheritance with constructor, function overriding vs function overloading, concept of binding, early binding and late binding, virtual functions, pure virtual functions, abstract classes, virtual destructors & polymorphism, order of execution of virtual functions, overriding member functions, accessing base class functions, order of execution of constructors and destructors, problems on strings, review of traditional error handling, basics of exception handling, exception handling mechanism, throwing mechanism, catching mechanism, re-throwing an exception, specifying exceptions, problems on recursion, concept of streams, input/output using overloaded operators >> and << and member functions of I/O stream classes, file streams, hierarchy of file stream classes, error handling during file operations, reading/writing of files accessing records randomly, Standard Template Library: containers, iterators and algorithms, vectors, list and map. Read more