Haloalkanes react with alcoholic solution of KCN to form alkyl cyanides, and they react with alcoholic solution of silver cyanide to form alkyl isocyanides. Describe the reactions... Haloalkanes react with alcoholic solution of KCN to form alkyl cyanides, and they react with alcoholic solution of silver cyanide to form alkyl isocyanides. Describe the reactions and the products formed.
Understand the Problem
The question relates to the reactions of haloalkanes with various reagents to form alkyl cyanides, isocyanides, and derivatives such as amides and carboxylic acids. The key concepts involve organic reaction mechanisms and chemical transformations.
Answer
Haloalkanes with KCN form alkyl cyanides; with AgCN, they form alkyl isocyanides.
Haloalkanes react with alcoholic KCN to form alkyl cyanides, where KCN acts as a source of CN- ion. When reacting with AgCN, they form alkyl isocyanides due to the presence of NC- ion. These reactions highlight the difference in products due to different nucleophilic centers.
Answer for screen readers
Haloalkanes react with alcoholic KCN to form alkyl cyanides, where KCN acts as a source of CN- ion. When reacting with AgCN, they form alkyl isocyanides due to the presence of NC- ion. These reactions highlight the difference in products due to different nucleophilic centers.
More Information
The differences in product formation are due to the different nucleophilic centers in KCN and AgCN. KCN is an ionic compound supplying CN- ions, while AgCN has covalent character leading to NC- ions.
Tips
A common mistake is confusing the roles of CN- and NC- ions in these reactions, leading to incorrect identification of the products.
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