Explain the distinction between dualism and materialism. Explain the distinction between realism and idealism. Explain the distinction between empiricism and nativism.
Understand the Problem
The question addresses the distinctions between various philosophical concepts that are foundational to psychology, namely dualism vs. materialism, realism vs. idealism, and empiricism vs. nativism. It aims to clarify these distinctions to enhance understanding of the philosophical roots of psychology.
Answer
Dualism vs Materialism: Mind vs matter. Realism vs Idealism: External vs mental reality. Empiricism vs Nativism: Experience vs innate knowledge.
Dualism posits that mind and matter are distinct; materialism holds that only matter is fundamental. Realism asserts that an external world exists independently of perception, while idealism believes reality is mentally constructed. Empiricism emphasizes sensory experience as the knowledge source; nativism argues for innate ideas.
Answer for screen readers
Dualism posits that mind and matter are distinct; materialism holds that only matter is fundamental. Realism asserts that an external world exists independently of perception, while idealism believes reality is mentally constructed. Empiricism emphasizes sensory experience as the knowledge source; nativism argues for innate ideas.
More Information
These philosophical terms address fundamental questions about the nature of reality and knowledge. Dualism and materialism consider what exists; realism and idealism question reality's nature; empiricism and nativism explore how knowledge arises.
Tips
Confusing materialism with idealism by assuming materialism also posits the mind as fundamental, which is not the case.
Sources
- Eight Confusing Philosophical Terms Explained - philosophyisnotaluxury.com
- Materialism vs Idealism and Dualism | History Forum - historum.com
- Why is the idealism/materialism debate so prevalent? - Reddit - reddit.com
AI-generated content may contain errors. Please verify critical information
