After reading and studying this topic, you should be able to describe the structures of a neuron (axon, cell body, dendrite, terminal buttons), define and explain neurotransmitters... After reading and studying this topic, you should be able to describe the structures of a neuron (axon, cell body, dendrite, terminal buttons), define and explain neurotransmitters, describe the central and peripheral nervous systems, and explain the functions of various brain parts including the hindbrain, hypothalamus, and prefrontal cortex.
Understand the Problem
The question involves summarizing and explaining various aspects of neurobiology, including the structures and functions of neurons, neurotransmitters, parts of the brain, and their roles in psychology.
Answer
Axons transmit info, the cell body integrates info, and dendrites receive info. Terminal buttons release chemicals. Neurotransmitters carry messages. The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral system includes somatic and autonomic systems. The hindbrain, hypothalamus, and prefrontal cortex have specific functions.
Axons transmit information away from the cell body. The cell body integrates information. Dendrites receive information. Terminal buttons release chemicals. Neurotransmitters carry messages between neurons. The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord, while the peripheral nervous system includes somatic and autonomic systems. The hindbrain controls basic survival functions, the hypothalamus regulates body functions and motivation, and the prefrontal cortex is involved in rational thought and social behavior.
Answer for screen readers
Axons transmit information away from the cell body. The cell body integrates information. Dendrites receive information. Terminal buttons release chemicals. Neurotransmitters carry messages between neurons. The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord, while the peripheral nervous system includes somatic and autonomic systems. The hindbrain controls basic survival functions, the hypothalamus regulates body functions and motivation, and the prefrontal cortex is involved in rational thought and social behavior.
More Information
Neurotransmitters are crucial for neuron communication, and different brain parts are responsible for specific body functions and behavioral aspects. For instance, dysfunction in the prefrontal cortex is often related to problems with decision-making and impulse control.
Tips
A common mistake is confusing the roles of the somatic and autonomic systems within the peripheral nervous system. Remember, the somatic system controls voluntary movements, while the autonomic system controls involuntary body functions.
Sources
- Neurotransmitters: What They Are, Functions & Types - my.clevelandclinic.org
- 4.1 The Neuron Is the Building Block of the Nervous System - opentextbc.ca
- An Overview of the Different Parts of a Neuron - Verywell Mind - verywellmind.com
