1) What are fundamental quantities? Give two examples. 2) What are derived quantities? Give two examples. 3) Write the S.I. units of the following quantities: a) Volume, b) Acceler... 1) What are fundamental quantities? Give two examples. 2) What are derived quantities? Give two examples. 3) Write the S.I. units of the following quantities: a) Volume, b) Acceleration, c) Force, d) Energy, e) Electric Current. 4) Obtain the dimensions of: a) momentum, b) pressure, c) work. 5) Show that 1N = 10^5 dyne, using dimensions. 6) Establish the relation between the period of a simple pendulum 'T' and the length of the simple pendulum 'l', 'g' acceleration due to gravity. 7) Explain the types of systematic errors. 8) What are random errors? Give its two examples. 9) Calculate mean absolute error, relative error and percentage errors for the following measurements of radius of sphere are 6.24cm, 6.28cm, 6.29cm, 6.30cm and 6.27cm. 10) Find the significant figures and order of magnitude for the following measurements: I) 3.008, II) 6.67 × 10^-11 , III) R= 6400 Km.
Understand the Problem
The question is a comprehensive assignment focused on units and measurements in physics. It covers fundamental and derived quantities, S.I. units, dimensional analysis, types of errors, and calculations related to measurements. Each part requires detailed explanations or calculations based on the principles of physics.
Answer
Fundamental: length, mass; Derived: speed, volume; S.I. units: Volume (m³), Acceleration (m/s²), Force (N), Energy (J), Current (A).
- Fundamental quantities are basic physical quantities not derived from others. Examples: length (meter), mass (kilogram). 2) Derived quantities are obtained from fundamental quantities. Examples: speed (m/s), volume (m³). 3) S.I. units: a) Volume: m³, b) Acceleration: m/s², c) Force: N, d) Energy: J, e) Electric Current: A. 4) Dimensions: a) Momentum: ML/T, b) Pressure: M/LT², c) Work: ML²/T². 5) 1N = 10⁵ dyne. 6) T = 2π√(l/g). 7) Systematic errors: instrument, environmental, observational. 8) Random errors: unpredictable variations; examples include slight temperature fluctuations, slight electrical variations. 9) Mean absolute error: 0.02 cm, relative error: 0.0032, percentage error: 0.32%. 10) Significant figures: I) 4, II) 3, III) 2; order of magnitude: I) 0, II) -11, III) 6.
Answer for screen readers
- Fundamental quantities are basic physical quantities not derived from others. Examples: length (meter), mass (kilogram). 2) Derived quantities are obtained from fundamental quantities. Examples: speed (m/s), volume (m³). 3) S.I. units: a) Volume: m³, b) Acceleration: m/s², c) Force: N, d) Energy: J, e) Electric Current: A. 4) Dimensions: a) Momentum: ML/T, b) Pressure: M/LT², c) Work: ML²/T². 5) 1N = 10⁵ dyne. 6) T = 2π√(l/g). 7) Systematic errors: instrument, environmental, observational. 8) Random errors: unpredictable variations; examples include slight temperature fluctuations, slight electrical variations. 9) Mean absolute error: 0.02 cm, relative error: 0.0032, percentage error: 0.32%. 10) Significant figures: I) 4, II) 3, III) 2; order of magnitude: I) 0, II) -11, III) 6.
More Information
Fundamental quantities form the basis of measurements and are globally standardized in the SI system.
Tips
Ensure to use the correct SI unit for each fundamental and derived quantity. Misclassification can lead to errors in calculations.
Sources
- Fundamental and Derived Quantities with their symbol and unit - quora.com
- Units and Dimensions - Dimensional Analysis, Formula, Applications - byjus.com
- List of physical quantities - Wikipedia - en.wikipedia.org
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