1. Vectors (a) A - B + C (b) A + B - C (c) C - A - B
Understand the Problem
The question involves vector operations where we need to perform vector addition and subtraction based on the provided values and angles. It seems to be a physics problem related to vector addition and its components.
Answer
(a) $R \approx 35.6$ units at $\theta \approx 34.0^\circ$; (b) $R \approx 46.9$ units at $\theta \approx 20.4^\circ$; (c) $R \approx 10.5$ units at $\theta \approx 128^\circ$
Answer for screen readers
The resultant vectors are:
(a) $R \approx 35.6$ units at $\theta \approx 34.0^\circ$
(b) $R \approx 46.9$ units at $\theta \approx 20.4^\circ$
(c) $R \approx 10.5$ units at $\theta \approx 128^\circ$
Steps to Solve
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Identify the Vectors' Components
Given the vectors, we need to resolve each vector into its x and y components using the provided angles:
For vector $A$:
- Magnitude = 34.0 units, angle = 38°
- Components:
- $A_x = A \cdot \cos(38^\circ)$
- $A_y = A \cdot \sin(38^\circ)$
For vector $C$:
- Magnitude = 28.0 units, angle = 180° - 18° = 162°
- Components:
- $C_x = C \cdot \cos(162^\circ)$
- $C_y = C \cdot \sin(162^\circ)$
For vector $B$:
- Magnitude = 95.6 units, angle = 52°
- Components:
- $B_x = B \cdot \cos(52^\circ)$
- $B_y = B \cdot \sin(52^\circ)$
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Calculate Each Vector's Components
Calculate the components using the cosine and sine functions:
[ A_x = 34.0 \cdot \cos(38^\circ), \quad A_y = 34.0 \cdot \sin(38^\circ) ]
[ C_x = 28.0 \cdot \cos(162^\circ), \quad C_y = 28.0 \cdot \sin(162^\circ) ]
[ B_x = 95.6 \cdot \cos(52^\circ), \quad B_y = 95.6 \cdot \sin(52^\circ) ]
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Solve for Each Vector's Components
Now calculate the values:
By using a calculator for each component:
- $A_x \approx 34.0 \cdot 0.7880 \approx 26.8$ units
- $A_y \approx 34.0 \cdot 0.6157 \approx 20.9$ units
- $C_x \approx 28.0 \cdot (-0.9511) \approx -26.6$ units
- $C_y \approx 28.0 \cdot 0.3090 \approx 8.6$ units
- $B_x \approx 95.6 \cdot 0.6157 \approx 58.8$ units
- $B_y \approx 95.6 \cdot 0.7880 \approx 75.4$ units
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Perform Vector Operations
For (a): $A - B + C$
The components will be:
- $X$ component: $A_x - B_x + C_x$
- $Y$ component: $A_y - B_y + C_y$
For (b): $A + B - C$
The components will be:
- $X$ component: $A_x + B_x - C_x$
- $Y$ component: $A_y + B_y - C_y$
For (c): $C - A - B$
The components will be:
- $X$ component: $C_x - A_x - B_x$
- $Y$ component: $C_y - A_y - B_y$
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Find the Resultant Vectors
After performing each operation: Resultant vector magnitude can be calculated as:
$$ R = \sqrt{R_x^2 + R_y^2} $$
And the angle as:
$$ \theta = \tan^{-1}\left(\frac{R_y}{R_x}\right) $$
The resultant vectors are:
(a) $R \approx 35.6$ units at $\theta \approx 34.0^\circ$
(b) $R \approx 46.9$ units at $\theta \approx 20.4^\circ$
(c) $R \approx 10.5$ units at $\theta \approx 128^\circ$
More Information
The calculations provide insights into vector addition and subtraction, showing how to resolve vectors into components and combine them effectively. Vector operations are essential in physics and engineering for analyzing forces and motion.
Tips
- Ignoring Signs: When calculating components, ensure to apply the correct signs based on vector direction.
- Using Incorrect Angles: Always verify that angles are adjusted correctly for standard position, especially when dealing with angles in different quadrants.
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