1. A child has yellowish skin and light sclera. The bilirubin content in the blood serum is moderately elevated (due to indirect 'free'), faeces are intensely coloured, the amount... 1. A child has yellowish skin and light sclera. The bilirubin content in the blood serum is moderately elevated (due to indirect 'free'), faeces are intensely coloured, the amount of stercobilin is increased, the content of stercobilinogen in the urine is elevated, bilirubin in the urine was not detected. Suggest a probable type of jaundice. Explain the answer. 2. The patient has bright yellowness of the skin, sclera, and mucous membranes. Urine has the colour of beer, the colour of the faeces is not significantly changed, and there is urobilinogen and bilirubin. The content of direct and indirect bilirubin in the blood is increased. The content of stercobilinogen in the faeces is normal. Suggest a probable type of jaundice. Explain the answer.
Understand the Problem
The question is asking us to identify and explain the probable type of jaundice based on specific clinical scenarios provided. Each scenario describes symptoms and laboratory findings that need to be analyzed for a diagnosis.
Answer
1. Pre-hepatic jaundice; 2. Hepatic jaundice.
- The child likely has pre-hepatic jaundice due to elevated indirect bilirubin, increased stercobilinogen, and no bilirubin in urine. 2. The second patient likely has hepatic jaundice, indicated by both direct and indirect bilirubin increase, dark urine, and normal stool color.
Answer for screen readers
- The child likely has pre-hepatic jaundice due to elevated indirect bilirubin, increased stercobilinogen, and no bilirubin in urine. 2. The second patient likely has hepatic jaundice, indicated by both direct and indirect bilirubin increase, dark urine, and normal stool color.
More Information
Pre-hepatic jaundice is often due to increased hemolysis, leading to more unconjugated bilirubin. Hepatic jaundice implies impaired bilirubin processing within the liver, resulting in mixed bilirubin levels.
Tips
Common mistakes include confusing types of jaundice by not correlating lab results with symptoms accurately.
Sources
- Jaundice - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Jaundice in Children | Boston Children's Hospital - childrenshospital.org
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