Zarządzanie plikami i katalogami w Linuxie

Study Notes

ls: Lists directory contents.
pwd: Prints the current working directory.
cd: Changes directory.
touch: Creates an empty file or updates a file's timestamp.
mkdir: Creates a new directory.
cp: Copies a file.
mv: Moves or renames a file.
rm: Removes a file.
rmdir: Removes an empty directory.
ln: Creates a link to a file or directory.
cat: Prints the contents of a file.
shred: Securely deletes a file by overwriting its contents.
nano: Simple text editor.
vim: Advanced text editor.
echo: Prints a message or variable value.
exit: Closes the current terminal or logs out.
useradd: Adds a new user.
adduser: Adds a new user (alternative to useradd).
sudo passwd: Changes the current user's password.
sudo passwd [username]: Changes another user's password.
sudo apt update & install: Updates package lists and installs packages (Debian-based systems).
wget: Downloads files from the web.
curl: Transfers data to or from a server.
zip: Compresses files into a zip archive.
unzip: Extracts files from a zip archive.
less: Views a file one page at a time.

ifconfig: Configures network interfaces.
ip address: Displays IP address information.
ping: Tests network connectivity.
netstat -tulpn: Displays active listening ports and associated programs.
ss: Displays socket statistics.
iptables: Configures the netfilter firewall.
ufw: User-friendly interface for iptables firewall.
resolvectl status: Displays DNS resolver configuration.
ip address | grep eth0: Displays IP address of the eth0 interface.
ip address | grep eth0 | grep inet | awk: Displays IP address of the eth0 interface using awk.

uname: Prints system information (kernel, hostname, etc.).
neofetch: Displays system information visually.
cal: Displays a calendar.
free: Displays free and used memory.
df and df -h: Displays disk usage statistics.
ps: Reports a snapshot of current processes.
top: Displays dynamic real-time process information.
kill: Sends a signal to terminate a process.
pkill: Terminates processes based on their name.
systemctl: Controls system and service manager.
history: Displays previously executed commands.
finger: Displays information about a user. whatis**: Displays a brief description of a command.
which: Locates a command and displays its path.
whereis: Locates the binary, source, and manual page files for a command.