Written In Bone - Chapter 5 Vocabulary

Questions and Answers

What is the central idea of Chapter 5?

The finding of the body and explaining why the body was there.

What is an archaeologist?

A scientist who learns about ancient people by studying the things they left behind.

What does a forensic anthropologist study?

Bones to determine identification and characteristics.

What are artifacts?

Objects made by human beings, either hand-made or mass-produced. Signup and view all the answers

What is top soil?

Organic matter, living organisms, and rock particles. Signup and view all the answers

What is sub soil?

The layer of soil beneath the topsoil that contains mostly clay and other minerals. Signup and view all the answers

What are soil stains?

Areas colored differently than the surrounding soil. Signup and view all the answers

What is a pedestal?

A base or support on which something stands. Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean to be shrouded?

Covered or hidden from view. Signup and view all the answers

What is ancestry?

Lineage. Signup and view all the answers

What are epiphyses?

Ends of long bones. Signup and view all the answers

What are calipers used for?

Measuring distances or diameters. Signup and view all the answers

What is the clavicle?

Collar bone. Signup and view all the answers

What is a leading staff?

A lance-like weapon used by persons of high military rank. Signup and view all the answers

What is a shroud pin?

Pin used to hold a burial cloth in place. Signup and view all the answers

What is lipping?

Bony spurs caused by arthritis. Signup and view all the answers

What is a cellar?

Basement. Signup and view all the answers

What is an indentured servant?

Colonists who received free passage to North America in exchange for working without pay for a certain number of years. Signup and view all the answers

What is tuberculosis caused by?

Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Signup and view all the answers

What is an abscess?

Localized collection of pus. Signup and view all the answers

What is a sherd?

Pottery piece. Signup and view all the answers

What is stratigraphy?

Sequence of sedimentary rock. Signup and view all the answers

What are gamma rays?

Electromagnetic waves with the shortest wavelengths and highest frequencies. Signup and view all the answers

What are sutures?

Immovable joints. Signup and view all the answers

What is a palynologist?

Forensic scientist who studies pollen and powdered minerals. Signup and view all the answers

What is rickets caused by?

Vitamin D deficiency. Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a drug injected intradermally?

Purified. Signup and view all the answers

What are bowels?

Intestine. Signup and view all the answers

What does moreover mean?

Besides; in addition to what was just stated. Signup and view all the answers

What does eloquent mean?

Persuasive and moving, especially in speech. Signup and view all the answers

What does elusive mean?

Hard to grasp. Signup and view all the answers

What does emancipate mean?

To free. Signup and view all the answers

What does emulate mean?

To copy; to try to equal or excel. Signup and view all the answers

What does impede mean?

To obstruct or interfere with; to delay. Signup and view all the answers

What does inadvertent mean?

Unintentional. Signup and view all the answers

What does jeopardy mean?

Danger. Signup and view all the answers

What does endorse mean?

Support. Signup and view all the answers

What does implicate mean?

To involve in; to connect with or be related to. Signup and view all the answers

What does impose mean?

To forcibly place upon. Signup and view all the answers

What does emigrate mean?

To leave one country or region and settle in another. Signup and view all the answers

What does perplexed mean?

Confused. Signup and view all the answers

What is the central idea of Chapter 1?

How the boy died and what happened. Signup and view all the answers

What is the central idea of Chapter 2?

How to identify the deceased person’s name, age, and lineage. Signup and view all the answers

What is the central idea of Chapter 3?

Identifying the body of the teenage boy and features of the skeleton. Signup and view all the answers

What is the central idea of Chapter 6?

How a burial helped the archaeologists decipher the story of a colonial family. Signup and view all the answers

What is the central idea of Chapter 4?

Who the Captain was, how he died, and what he died from. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Chapter Summaries

Chapter 1 delves into the mystery surrounding the death of a boy, focusing on the circumstances leading to his demise.
Chapter 2 emphasizes the identification of the deceased, exploring their potential name, age, children, and ethnic background, contributing to the overall understanding of their history.
Chapter 3 involves the examination of the teenage boy's remains, highlighting specific injuries such as a wound to the hip and a broken jaw.
Chapter 4 centers on the identity of the Captain and investigates the cause of his death, providing context to his life.
Chapter 5 recounts the discovery of a body in the basement, illustrating reasons for the body's presence there.
Chapter 6 discusses a burial that allows archaeologists to unravel the narrative of a colonial family, contrasting their lives with that of the boy found in the basement.

Key Vocabulary

Archaeologist: A scientist focused on understanding ancient civilizations through artifacts left behind.
Forensic Anthropologist: Expert in analyzing bones for identification and characteristics.
Artifacts: Human-made objects, which can be handcrafted or mass-produced.
Top Soil: The uppermost layer of soil rich in organic matter and microorganisms.
Sub Soil: Layer beneath topsoil, primarily consisting of clay and minerals.
Soil Stains: Discolored areas in the soil that can indicate historical activities or features.
Pedestal: A structural support for objects or displays.
Shrouded: Something that is concealed or hidden from view.
Ancestry: The lineage or historical descent of an individual.
Epiphyses: The ends of long bones, critical for growth and development.
Calipers: Instruments used for measuring diameters or distances, commonly utilized in forensic examination.
Clavicle: Also known as the collarbone, it connects the arm to the body.
Leading Staff: A ceremonial lance-like weapon associated with high-ranking military personnel.
Shroud Pin: A pin securing burial cloths in place during funerary practices.
Lipping: Bony spurs that form due to arthritis, indicative of bone degeneration.
Cellar: Another term for basement, often used for storage.
Indentured Servant: Individuals who worked for free passage to America, committing to several years of labor.
Tuberculosis: An infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Abscess: A swollen area within body tissue, containing pus.
Sherd: A fragment of pottery or ceramic material.
Stratigraphy: The study of rock layers, aiding in the understanding of historical timelines.
Gamma Rays: Electromagnetic radiation with the highest frequency and shortest wavelengths.
Sutures: Immovable joints associated with the skull.
Palynologist: Forensic scientists specialized in studying pollen and microscopic minerals.
Rickets: A disorder resulting from Vitamin D deficiency, affecting bone development.
Bowels: Refers to intestines within the digestive system.

Vocabulary Usage

Moreover: Indicates additional information or elaboration on a previous statement.
Eloquent: Used to describe persuasive and impactful communication.
Elusive: Describes something difficult to capture or comprehend.
Emancipate: The act of liberating or freeing someone.
Emulate: To mimic or strive to achieve equal status as someone else.
Impede: To create obstacles or delays in progress.
Inadvertent: Denoting actions taken unintentionally.
Jeopardy: Referring to the state of being in danger or risk.
Endorse: To provide support or approval for someone or something.
Implicate: To establish a connection or involvement in something, often related to wrongdoing.
Impose: To forcibly apply or introduce something, such as rules or restrictions.
Emigrate: The process of leaving one region to settle in another.
Perplexed: A state of confusion or bewilderment.

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Description

Explore the key vocabulary and summaries from Chapter 5 of 'Written In Bone'. This chapter focuses on the discovery of a body and the implications surrounding it. Enhance your understanding of the terminology related to archaeology and forensic anthropology.