Work Stress Management and Conflict Resolution
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Questions and Answers

What is a recommended approach for managing stress related to work tasks?

  • Engage in nonfunctional activities like eating and drinking
  • Avoid all forms of physical activity
  • Neglect social support systems
  • Prioritize tasks and estimate completion time (correct)

Which of the following methods is NOT classified as an emotion-focused approach to stress management in organizations?

  • On-site exercise facilities
  • Personal days/Sabbaticals
  • Job redesign (correct)
  • Employee assistance programs

Which statement reflects a common indicator of work-related stress?

  • I have complete control over my tasks at work.
  • My performance is frequently recognized and rewarded.
  • My work interferes with my family or personal life. (correct)
  • I feel that my job is well-structured.

What is an example of a problem-focused strategy for addressing workplace stress?

<p>Job rotation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a nonfunctional activity that could impact stress levels?

<p>Taking drugs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are intrinsic work values primarily focused on?

<p>Challenging work and responsibility (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes ethical justice values?

<p>Equitably distributing benefits and harms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the behavioral component of work attitudes refer to?

<p>Actions one intends to take regarding their job (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of extrinsic work values?

<p>Learning new things (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does a whistleblower serve within an organization?

<p>To report wrongdoing and unethical behavior (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is avoidance an appropriate conflict resolution strategy?

<p>When you perceive no chance of satisfying your concerns. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which situation best represents when collaboration should be used as a conflict resolution approach?

<p>When you're attempting to learn and understand different perspectives. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key reason to use accommodation in conflict resolution?

<p>To satisfy others and maintain cooperation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario would compromise be the most suitable approach?

<p>When there are mutually exclusive goals and equal power between parties. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an appropriate reason to employ avoidance during conflict resolution?

<p>When the situation is trivial compared to other pressing issues. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is accommodation used in conflict resolution?

<p>To allow a better position to be heard. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception about using compromise in conflict resolution?

<p>It is effective in all types of conflicts. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which approach is best when someone is learning from their mistakes?

<p>Accommodation to allow for growth. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary source of self-efficacy?

<p>Past performance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which determinant is NOT mentioned in the learning organization context?

<p>Continuous assessment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect plays a critical role in the perception of stress?

<p>Cognitive appraisal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do opportunities or threats contribute to stress?

<p>They must be important to the individual. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a physiological consequence of stress?

<p>Sleep disturbances (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a behavioral consequence of stress?

<p>Poor job performance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which personality trait is associated with higher stress levels?

<p>Type A personality (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one common problem-focused coping strategy?

<p>Time Management (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a sign of burnout?

<p>Emotional exhaustion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does communication play in a learning organization?

<p>It helps convey a shared vision. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a dysfunctional schema primarily based on?

<p>A single distinguishing characteristic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do high-status targets tend to be perceived compared to lower-status targets?

<p>As more credible (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the concept of impression management primarily concerned with?

<p>Altering perceptions of oneself (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which impression management tactic involves matching behavior with that of the perceiver?

<p>Behavioural Matching (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does increased ambiguity of a target have on perception?

<p>It complicates accurate perception (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tactic is most effective when flattery is not excessive?

<p>Flattering others (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What describes the salience of a target in perception?

<p>The extent to which a target stands out (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are moods in relation to perception?

<p>Temporary emotional states (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of intrinsic motivation?

<p>Performing behavior for its own sake (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theory suggests that only unsatisfied needs motivate individuals?

<p>Need Theory (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Expectancy Theory, what does the term 'valence' refer to?

<p>The desirability of the outcomes or rewards (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do extrinsic motivators primarily drive behavior?

<p>By providing material or social rewards (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'Expectancy' element in Expectancy Theory represent?

<p>The confidence in one’s ability to perform successfully (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Need Theory, why do satisfied needs no longer motivate?

<p>Unmet needs take precedence in motivation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What element of Expectancy Theory addresses whether high performance will lead to desired outcomes?

<p>Instrumentality (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What best describes the concept of performance in the context of motivation?

<p>An evaluation of the results of behavior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Values

Personal beliefs about what one should strive for in life and how one should behave.

Work Values

A set of principles that guide decisions and actions in the workplace. They can be intrinsic (related to personal fulfillment) or extrinsic (related to external rewards).

Justice Values

Values focusing on fairness, impartiality, and equal distribution of benefits and burdens.

Utilitarian Values

Values that prioritize producing the greatest good for the greatest number of people.

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Moral Rights Values

Values that emphasize protecting fundamental rights and privileges of individuals.

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Level of Persistence

Represents the effort a person puts into achieving a goal despite obstacles.

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Performance

An evaluation of the outcomes from a person's actions.

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Motivation

The force that directs, guides, and maintains behavior towards a goal.

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Intrinsic Motivation

Motivation driven by the enjoyment and fulfillment derived from the task itself.

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Extrinsic Motivation

Motivation driven by external rewards or punishments.

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Need Theory

A theory explaining human motivation based on the fulfillment of needs.

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Expectancy Theory

A theory suggesting that the motivation to act is influenced by the belief that effort leads to performance, which results in desired outcomes.

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Expectancy

A key element of the Expectancy Theory, representing a belief that effort will lead to successful performance.

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Dysfunctional Schemas

Mental frameworks that shape how we interpret information based on our experiences, often biased or inaccurate.

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Motivational State

A person's needs, wants, and beliefs at the moment of perception.

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Moods

The current emotional state of the perceiver when observing something.

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Ambiguity

A lack of clarity or definiteness in an object or situation.

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Social Status

One's real or perceived position within a society or organization.

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Impression Management

Attempts to manage how others perceive you.

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Behavioral Matching (Impression Management)

Matching your behavior to those around you to blend in.

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Self-Promotion (Impression Management)

Highlighting positive qualities to create a favorable perception.

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Problem-focused Coping Strategies

Strategies aimed at directly addressing a stress-inducing situation, focusing on altering or eliminating the source of the problem.

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Emotion-focused Coping Strategies

Strategies aimed at managing the emotional distress associated with a stressful situation, focusing on changing how we feel about the stressor.

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Managerial Approach

A conflict resolution strategy where individuals prioritize their own goals and try to get their way, even if it means ignoring the other person's concerns. This approach is most effective when you need to implement something essential but unpopular, or when you are certain your view is correct.

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Collaboration Approach

A conflict resolution strategy that involves finding a solution that satisfies the concerns of both parties involved. This approach is best used when both parties' needs are important and a compromise won't work.

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Avoidance Approach

A conflict resolution strategy that involves avoiding the conflict altogether, often delaying or postponing a decision. This approach is suitable for less important issues or when the potential negative consequences of resolving the conflict outweigh the benefits.

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Accommodation Approach

A conflict resolution strategy where one party yields to the other, prioritizing their concerns over their own. This approach is helpful when you realize you might be wrong, or if you place a higher value on maintaining harmony and cooperation.

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Compromise Approach

A conflict resolution strategy that involves reaching a compromise where both parties give up something to achieve a mutually acceptable solution. This approach is appropriate when both parties have equal power and their goals are important but not worth the potential disruption of a more assertive approach.

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Self-efficacy

Self-efficacy is the confidence a person has in their ability to perform a specific task successfully. For example, a person who has high self-efficacy in public speaking will feel confident and prepared to deliver a speech, while someone with low self-efficacy in public speaking might anticipate anxiety and failure.

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Past performance (source of self-efficacy)

Past performance refers to personal experiences of success or failure in similar situations. If you have a history of success, you are likely to have higher self-efficacy.

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Vicarious experience (source of self-efficacy)

Vicarious experience is seeing others succeed in a task and observing their behavior. This can increase your self-efficacy if you believe you can do it too.

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Verbal persuasion (source of self-efficacy)

Verbal persuasion involves encouragement and positive feedback from others. This can boost your self-efficacy by increasing your belief in your capabilities.

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Physiological state (source of self-efficacy)

Physiological state refers to how your body reacts in a situation. If you feel calm and composed, you may have higher self-efficacy, but feelings of anxiety or fear can lower it.

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Experiential Learning

Experiential learning, or learning by doing, involves active participation in a subject or activity. This hands-on approach directly immerses learners in the material.

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Stress

Stress is the experience of opportunities or threats that individuals perceive as important and feel uncertain about managing effectively.

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Burnout (consequence of stress)

Burnout is a state of emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced personal accomplishment that can result from prolonged exposure to stress.

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Time management (stress coping strategy)

Time management, a coping strategy for stress, involves organizing tasks and prioritizing activities to minimize anxiety and maximize effectiveness.

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Work-life balance

Work-life balance refers to the harmonious integration of professional and personal responsibilities, aiming to prevent burnout and maintain well-being.

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Study Notes

OB Final Review - Great

  • Organizational Behavior covers how individuals and groups act, think, feel, and respond to work and organizations. It also studies how organizations respond to their environments.
  • Organization is a collection of people who work together to achieve individual and organizational goals.
  • Organizational Psychology involves individuals, group and team processes, and organizational processes within organizations.
  • Management is the process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling an organization's resources (human, financial, material, etc.) to increase its effectiveness.
  • Planning involves deciding on organizational goals and methods for achieving them.
  • Organizing involves establishing structure, rules, and relationships to help people achieve organizational goals.
  • Leading involves encouraging and coordinating people and groups toward organizational goals.
  • Controlling involves evaluating how well an organization is achieving its goals and taking action to improve performance.
  • Personality is a pattern of enduring ways that a person feels, thinks, and behaves, developing over a lifetime. It's generally stable in work contexts and can influence career choices, job satisfaction, stress, leadership, and performance.
  • The Johari Window visualizes self-awareness. It separates information about oneself into four quadrants: what is known by self/others, and what is unknown by self/others.
  • Personality Traits include Locus of Control (internal/external), Self-monitoring, Self-esteem, Type A/B, Need for achievement/affiliation/power.
  • Big 5 Model factors include Extraversion (Positive Affectivity), Neuroticism (Negative Affectivity), Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Openness to Experience.
  • Ability is what a person is capable of doing (cognitive ability, physical ability, emotional intelligence). Cognitive ability includes verbal, numerical, and reasoning abilities.
  • Values are one's personal convictions about what one should strive for in life and how one should behave (intrinsic work values, extrinsic work values, justice/utilitarian/moral rights values).
  • Work Attitudes include job satisfaction and organizational commitment, with components like affective, cognitive, and behavioral aspects.
  • Work Moods are how people feel while performing their jobs, affected by personality, work situation, and circumstances outside of work. Positive and Negative moods are examples.
  • Emotions are intense, short-lived feelings with antecedents (causes).
  • Job satisfaction is influenced by personality, values, work situation, and social influence.
  • Herzberg's Motivator-Hygiene Theory states that motivators (e.g., achievement, recognition) lead to job satisfaction, while hygiene factors (e.g., salary, working conditions) prevent dissatisfaction.
  • Motivation is the psychological force and it can be either intrinsic or extrinsic, influencing job performance along with other factors.
  • Need Theory focuses on the outcomes an individual wants from their jobs and organizations. Unsatisfied needs motivate individuals.
  • Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs describes five categories of needs: physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization.
  • Alderfer's ERG Theory categorizes needs into existence, relatedness, and growth.
  • Expectancy Theory suggests that motivation is influenced by expectancy, instrumentality, and valence.
  • Equity Theory examines whether people perceive their outcomes relative to their inputs as fair compared to others.
  • Organizational Justice Theory focuses on perceptions of fairness within an organization and involves distributive, procedural, interpersonal, and informational justice.
  • Work motivation is the psychological force behind a person’s behavior in an organization.
  • Job satisfaction is about how much someone likes their job and it's affected by aspects like personality, values, work situations and social influence.
  • Job enrichment is related to job design.
  • Effective organizations have a commitment to continuous learning and creativity among employees, including knowledge management and fostering a learning environment.
  • Stress, from opportunities or threats, is how individuals cope with important perceptions of not being able to handle challenges. Stress can lead to negative consequences for people personally and professionally.
  • Stress is affected by individual differences including factors like personality and self-monitoring.
  • Coping strategies exist for both individuals and organizations related to stress.
  • Perception is the process of selecting, organizing, and interpreting sensory input to give meaning and order to the world, which may include implicit biases impacting perceptions.
  • Implicit biases include factors such as primacy and recency effects, contrast effects, and halo effects.
  • Attribution Theory explains why people behave the way they do. The theory involves making attributions about oneself and others, and about internal and external causes
  • Learning Principles, especially Operant and Classical conditioning, are useful for influencing and managing behaviors in organizations.
  • Social learning theory and observational learning are used to understand how thoughts and feelings influence learning of behaviors.

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Description

Explore various strategies for managing work-related stress and conflict resolution in this quiz. From emotional-focused approaches to ethical values in the workplace, test your knowledge on how to create a healthier work environment. Perfect for organizational behavior studies.

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