White Blood Cells Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of neutrophils in the immune response?

Activate B cells to produce antibodies

Phagocytosis of pathogens (correct)

Release histamines and leukotrienes

Kill parasitic worms

Which immune cells are responsible for inducing apoptosis in infected or cancerous cells?

Cytotoxic T-Cells (correct)

Mast cells

T-Helper cells

B-Lymphocytes

How do antibodies react to foreign antigens during a blood transfusion?

They stimulate the production of more red blood cells

They activate T-Cells to destroy the antigens

They attach to the donor's blood to neutralize it (correct)

They promote the release of histamines

Which type of white blood cell is primarily involved in allergic reactions?

Eosinophils Signup and view all the answers

What is chemotaxis in relation to white blood cells?

The migration of WBCs to the site of injury Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the role of mast cells?

They guide WBCs to the site of injury Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes T-Lymphocytes from B-Lymphocytes?

T-Lymphocytes are involved in direct cell interaction, while B-Lymphocytes mainly produce antibodies Signup and view all the answers

What type of granules do basophils contain, and what is their significance in the immune response?

Heparin granules; they prevent blood clots Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes granulocytes from agranulocytes in white blood cells?

Granulocytes have granular cytoplasm. Signup and view all the answers

Which signal is involved in the creation of both granulocytes and agranulocytes?

Interleukin 5 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of all white blood cells during an immune response?

Consuming and deconstructing pathogens. Signup and view all the answers

In which location does a monocyte become a Kupffer cell?

Liver Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of basophils?

They contain S-shaped nuclei. Signup and view all the answers

What role does cellular adhesion play in the function of white blood cells?

It facilitates interaction with neighboring cells. Signup and view all the answers

During positive chemotaxis, white blood cells move towards areas of higher concentration of what?

Chemicals Signup and view all the answers

What is the abundance range of monocytes in the bloodstream?

3-8% Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell is primarily responsible for immediate allergic responses?

Basophils Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about lymphocytes is correct?

They are crucial for the adaptive immune response. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

White Blood Cells (WBCs)

WBCs, also known as leukocytes, protect against disease.
They are produced in red bone marrow.
WBCs are categorized into 5 types: granulocytes and agranulocytes.

Granulocytes

Have granular cytoplasm.
Shorter lifespan.
Types: Basophils, Eosinophils, Neutrophils.
The signals to create these are interleukin 3 and interleukin 5.
Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) is also a factor in their creation (though not 100% clear).
Combine with myeloid to create WBCs.

Agranulocytes

Do not have granules.
Types: Lymphocytes, Monocytes.
Signals to create agranulocytes are interleukin 3 and 5.

WBC Abilities/Functions

Diapedesis: WBCs pass through capillary walls into tissues.
Cellular Adhesion: WBCs interact with neighboring molecules.
Phagocytosis: Consume/destroy cells.
Inflammatory response: Defend injured tissues.
Positive Chemotaxis: Movement toward higher concentration of a chemical.
Leukopoiesis: The process of WBC creation and movement. Sites include red bone marrow, skull, sternum, pelvis, and the epiphyses of long bones.

Monocytes

Abundance: 3-8%
Size: Largest WBC type.
Type: Agranulocyte

Basophils

Abundance: ~0.5-1%
Size and Shape: Similar to Eosinophils
Type: Granulocyte
Contains S-shaped nucleus
Stains blue

Eosinophils

Structure: Granules stain red, bilobed nucleus (telephone-shaped)
Function: Release proteins & peptides, kill parasites, involved in allergic reactions/asthma

Neutrophils

Abundance: Most common (50-70%).
Best role: Phagocytosis.
Structure: Granules are small and purple in acidic solutions, multi-lobed nuclei (polymorphonuclear leukocytes).
First to arrive at infection sites.
Function: Phagocytosis, respiratory burst (using hydrogen peroxide to kill bacteria), releasing DNA to form a net to trap pathogens.

Lymphocytes

Abundance: 20-30%
Size: Slightly larger than RBCs.
Type: Agranulocyte
Large spherical nucleus.
Types: T-cells (Helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells), B-cells.
-Helper T cells activate B cells to become plasma cells to create antibodies. -Cytotoxic T cells kill virus-infected and cancerous cells.
- B-cells become plasma cells and release antibodies.

Antigens and Antibodies

Antigens: Molecules that trigger an immune response.
Antibodies: Proteins that react to antigens.
Agglutination: Clumping of RBCs due to antibody encounter.

Blood Types

Blood type compatibility involves the presence or absence of antigens (A, B, and Rh factors).
Universal donor: O−.
Universal recipient: AB+.

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Description

Test your knowledge on white blood cells, their types, and functions. This quiz covers detailed aspects of granulocytes and agranulocytes, including their formation and roles in the immune response. Dive into the fascinating world of leukocytes and learn how they protect our bodies against disease.