Water Usage Monitoring from Consumer Meters

Apparent losses include leakage from transmission and distribution mains.

The average occupancy per household in Africa, the Indian subcontinent, and Southeast Asia is typically two to three people.

Monitoring household consumption through the 'Diary' method involves recording the number of times each fitting is used each day.

Factors that influence in-house domestic consumption include changes in household income and region only.

Metering domestic supplies is not an effective way to curb excessive consumption of water.

Promoting the use of high water use fittings can make significant reductions in water consumption.

Pressure management control does not help in reducing leakage and increasing the life of pipes.

Imposing temporary bans on watering gardens during drought is not considered an effective water conservation measure.

Standpipes should have a minimum quantity of 50 lcd available to consumers according to international standards.

One of the key indicators for meeting a minimum standard in disaster relief is 20 lcd from a source within one kilometer of the user's dwelling.

Outdoor water usage may include activities like gardening, swimming pools, and car washing.

Average in-house water consumption for middle-class properties with kitchen, bath, and waterborne sanitation ranges from 120 - 180 lcd.