20 Questions
What is the first stage of water treatment?
Removal of suspended solids
What are suspended solids?
Particles larger than 2 microns that do not dissolve as ions
Why do suspended solids need to be removed from water?
To prevent operational issues like deposits and erosion
Where is water likely to have higher levels of suspended solids?
Water drawn from rivers and lakes
What is the purpose of a settling pond or basin in water treatment?
To slow or delay the velocity of water to allow suspended solids to settle
What is a clarifier in water treatment?
A settling tank that uses gravity to settle out particles
How are suspended solids removed from ground water?
Through filtration
What is the primary benefit of removing suspended solids from water?
Preventing plugging of equipment
Which stage of water treatment removes other harmful substances like heavy metals?
Filtration
How does a clarifier differ from a settling pond?
A clarifier is a large settling tank while a settling pond allows suspended solids to float.
What is the residence time for water in a clarifier?
An hour or two
What is added to speed the settling time for colloidal particles in a clarifier?
Synthetic polymer coagulant
What are the most common types of filters mentioned in the text?
Pressure filters, filter-aid tubular filters, cartridge filters, activated carbon filters
What is the purpose of backwashing in a filter?
To remove trapped solids
What is a common material used for the filter medium in a pressure filter?
Diatomaceous earth
What does an activated carbon filter effectively remove from water?
Taste or odors
How is filter cake removed in a tubular filter during backwashing?
By reversing the flow of water through the tubes
What indicates that a cartridge filter needs to be replaced?
Increased pressure drop across the filter
What happens during backwashing of a filter if excessive flow rate is used?
Trapped solids will not come free
What is transformed into activated carbon by heating with steam?
Coconut shells
Learn about the first stage of water treatment, which involves the removal of suspended solids. This process not only improves water quality by eliminating harmful substances like heavy metals, but also reduces overall treatment costs. Understand how suspended solids, being relatively large non-dissolving particles, can be effectively removed to enhance water safety.
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