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Questions and Answers
What is the particle size that sedimentation removes effectively?
What is the particle size that sedimentation removes effectively?
Which type of lamp is used as a light source in the EPA 180.1 method?
Which type of lamp is used as a light source in the EPA 180.1 method?
What is the range of turbidity measurements mentioned as entering the filtration stage?
What is the range of turbidity measurements mentioned as entering the filtration stage?
What main material is NOT part of the filtration medium mentioned?
What main material is NOT part of the filtration medium mentioned?
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Which method is more sensitive to smaller particles?
Which method is more sensitive to smaller particles?
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What key function does turbidity measurement serve in the treatment plant?
What key function does turbidity measurement serve in the treatment plant?
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Which of the following characteristics does the ISO 7027 method have?
Which of the following characteristics does the ISO 7027 method have?
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Which option correctly describes the turbidity measuring range of ISO 7027?
Which option correctly describes the turbidity measuring range of ISO 7027?
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What is the main purpose of backwashing the filter?
What is the main purpose of backwashing the filter?
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Which device is continuously used to monitor the filter effluent?
Which device is continuously used to monitor the filter effluent?
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What does turbidity in water indicate?
What does turbidity in water indicate?
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Which method is approved for measuring turbidity?
Which method is approved for measuring turbidity?
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What is the role of hypochlorous acid in disinfection?
What is the role of hypochlorous acid in disinfection?
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Which ozone sensor model is mentioned for continuous measurement?
Which ozone sensor model is mentioned for continuous measurement?
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What aspect does turbidity monitoring influence?
What aspect does turbidity monitoring influence?
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What is the primary function of secondary disinfection?
What is the primary function of secondary disinfection?
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What was a common cause of deaths before cities started treating drinking water?
What was a common cause of deaths before cities started treating drinking water?
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Which treatment method is likely to be used in the primary disinfection stage of drinking water processing?
Which treatment method is likely to be used in the primary disinfection stage of drinking water processing?
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What is the main purpose of using UV light in water treatment?
What is the main purpose of using UV light in water treatment?
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Which of the following companies has been recognized for its dedication to customer service in water treatment solutions?
Which of the following companies has been recognized for its dedication to customer service in water treatment solutions?
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In which processes is ozone commonly employed as a disinfectant?
In which processes is ozone commonly employed as a disinfectant?
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What main benefit do Emerson's treatment solutions provide to customers?
What main benefit do Emerson's treatment solutions provide to customers?
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What issue does drinking water treatment primarily aim to address?
What issue does drinking water treatment primarily aim to address?
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What is the primary use of chlorine in water treatment?
What is the primary use of chlorine in water treatment?
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What are the two major competing techniques used in the desalination of seawater?
What are the two major competing techniques used in the desalination of seawater?
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What issue arises when the feed solution in desalination becomes saturated with calcium sulfate?
What issue arises when the feed solution in desalination becomes saturated with calcium sulfate?
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What is the purpose of the Rosemount Analytical toroidal conductivity sensor in desalination?
What is the purpose of the Rosemount Analytical toroidal conductivity sensor in desalination?
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What happens to cellulose acetate RO membranes when the pH is outside the acidic range?
What happens to cellulose acetate RO membranes when the pH is outside the acidic range?
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How is the temperature for seawater distillation increased in hybrid plants?
How is the temperature for seawater distillation increased in hybrid plants?
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What is permeate in the context of reverse osmosis desalination?
What is permeate in the context of reverse osmosis desalination?
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What role do conductivity sensors play in the desalination process?
What role do conductivity sensors play in the desalination process?
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What is critical for the optimum performance of desalination processes?
What is critical for the optimum performance of desalination processes?
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What is the main purpose of contacting Emerson Process Management's offices?
What is the main purpose of contacting Emerson Process Management's offices?
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Which of the following countries is NOT listed as a location of Emerson Process Management's international sales offices?
Which of the following countries is NOT listed as a location of Emerson Process Management's international sales offices?
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Which region does NOT have a sales office for Rosemount Analytical products according to the information provided?
Which region does NOT have a sales office for Rosemount Analytical products according to the information provided?
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Which country's sales office is included in the list provided?
Which country's sales office is included in the list provided?
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What is the correct website to visit for more information on PlantWeb?
What is the correct website to visit for more information on PlantWeb?
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How can field sales personnel assist potential customers according to the content?
How can field sales personnel assist potential customers according to the content?
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Which of the following is a duty of the field sales offices mentioned in the content?
Which of the following is a duty of the field sales offices mentioned in the content?
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Study Notes
Filtration
- Turbidity is a unit of measurement that defines the clarity of water.
- The sedimentation process removes particles 25 microns and larger.
- Filtration is required after sedimentation to remove smaller particles, as sedimentation is not 100% efficient.
- Turbidity levels are between 1-10 NTU as water enters the filtration stage.
- Water flows through a combination of sand, gravel, anthracite coal, and a mixture of support gravel and fine sand.
- Filters need to be backwashed periodically to remove sediment and suspended matter that collects in the filter media.
- Turbidity is continuously monitored to check filter performance. The Clarity II On-Line Turbidimeter can be used for this purpose.
Compliance Monitoring
- Two approved methods have been accepted for turbidity measurements for compliance monitoring:
- USEPA Method 180.1
- ISO Method 7027
- The USEPA method is used to monitor and report filter effluent turbidity for compliance monitoring purposes.
- The WQS (Water Quality Standards) ensures that water quality parameters are maintained through constant surveillance of water quality events.
Secondary Disinfection
- Hypochlorous acid is used for secondary disinfection in the final treatment step.
- Hypochlorous acid is a stronger and more effective disinfectant than hypochlorite ion.
- The Rosemount Analytical three electrode chlorine Model 498CL sensor can be used for continuous free chlorine measurement.
Desalination
- Desalination is the removal of salt from water.
- Two major techniques for seawater desalination are:
- Multi Stage Flash (MSF) Distillation
- Membrane technologies (such as Reverse Osmosis (RO)).
- The passage of dissolved salts and microscopic particles is blocked by RO membranes, and relatively ion-free water (called permeate) passes through the membrane.
- Conductivity sensors in the feed water and permeate monitor the overall water quality and efficiency of RO treatment.
- Rosemount Analytical toroidal conductivity sensor model 228, along with a 1056 two channel analyzer, are used to insure that no excessive dissolved solids build up, minimizing fouling in the evaporator.
- Chemical attack can occur on cellulose acetate RO membranes at acidic pH levels.
- A general-purpose sensor such as Model 399 can be used to adjust the acidity of the feed source to protect the membrane.
Rosemount Analytical Instrumentation
- Emerson is the world’s largest provider of gas chromatography, process gas, combustion and environmental analysis solutions.
- Emerson offers products with unmatched accuracy, superior performance, and dependability.
- The optimum solution for a process relies on choosing the right sensor.
- Thousands of people died each year from cholera, typhoid fever, dysentery and hepatitis before cities began treating drinking water with chlorine.
- Today, chlorine, ozone and UV are used for primary disinfection in the pre-treatment stage, and secondary disinfection in the final stage.
- Emerson’s leading edge instruments and applications expertise, along with unbeatable customer service and support worldwide, help customers maximize process performance, productivity and profitability.
International Sales Offices
- Emerson Process Management’s field sales offices provide information on Rosemount Analytical products.
- Field sales personnel work closely with customers to provide technical data and application information.
- Contact your nearest Rosemount Analytical sales office for more information.
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Description
This quiz covers the essential concepts of water filtration and compliance monitoring related to turbidity. It includes information about the sedimentation process, filtration techniques, and approved methods for turbidity measurement. Test your knowledge of filtration materials, monitoring technology, and regulatory practices!
