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Questions and Answers
What is one of the main causes of water pollution as noted in the key concepts?
Which technique is primarily used to store rainwater for future use?
Which government initiative aims to provide safe drinking water to rural households by 2024?
What does the Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) indicate in terms of water quality?
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Which of the following components is included in the Namami Gange Programme?
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What is a likely benefit of watershed management?
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Which organization provided support for India’s Second National Ganga River Basin Project?
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What is a common goal of greywater recycling?
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What primary objective does the Indus Water Treaty (1960) aim to achieve?
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Which key feature of hazardous waste distinguishes it from other types of waste?
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What was a significant outcome of the Swachh Bharat Mission initiated in 2014?
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What urgent issue was highlighted by Cape Town's 'Day Zero' event?
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Under the India's E-Waste Management Rules (2016), what responsibility does it place upon producers?
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What is a primary goal of the Plastic Waste Management Amendment Rules (2021)?
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Which of the following statements is true regarding Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)?
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Which of the following best describes a circular economy in waste management?
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Study Notes
Water Conservation and Management
- Water scarcity is a major global issue, with 2.1 billion people lacking access to safely managed drinking water.
- Water pollution results from industrial discharge, sewage, and agricultural runoff, impacting water quality.
- Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) indicate high levels of organic pollution in water.
- Rainwater harvesting captures and stores rainwater for various purposes, replenishing groundwater.
- Watershed management ensures sustainable water resource use within a geographical area, preventing soil erosion.
- Greywater recycling treats and reuses wastewater from baths and sinks for non-potable uses.
- The Jal Jeevan Mission aims to provide safe drinking water to rural households through Functional Household Tap Connections (FHTCs).
- The Namami Gange Programme focuses on cleaning and restoring the Ganges River, including sewage treatment, waste management, and biodiversity conservation.
- Aviral Ganga aims to maintain a continuous flow of water in the Ganges.
- The World Bank supports India’s Second National Ganga River Basin Project, focusing on infrastructure development and afforestation.
- The Indus Water Treaty (1960) governs water sharing between India and Pakistan, ensuring cooperation despite tensions.
- Cape Town's Day Zero in 2018 highlighted global vulnerability to water scarcity due to prolonged drought.
Waste Management
- Solid waste includes biodegradable (e.g., food waste) and non-biodegradable (e.g., plastics) materials with varying decomposition rates.
- Hazardous waste requires specialized handling due to its toxicity, reactivity, and flammability.
- E-waste, discarded electronic devices, poses environmental risks due to harmful materials like lead and mercury.
- The E-Waste Management Rules (2016) enforce Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR), requiring producers to collect and recycle e-waste.
- The Plastic Waste Management Amendment Rules (2021) banned certain single-use plastics to reduce pollution.
- The Swachh Bharat Mission promotes nationwide cleanliness, including solid waste management through door-to-door collection and waste segregation at source.
- The circular economy model aims to minimize waste and maximize resource reuse, emphasizing recycling and remanufacturing.
- Bio-remediation utilizes biological organisms to clean up contaminated waste, such as oil spills.
- Waste-to-energy technologies convert waste into usable energy sources.
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Description
This quiz explores key concepts related to water conservation, scarcity, and pollution. Topics include rainwater harvesting, watershed management, and greywater recycling, as well as initiatives like the Jal Jeevan Mission and Namami Gange Programme. Test your knowledge on strategies and practices essential for sustainable water management.
