Questions and Answers
What was the agreement that was between Japan and the Western powers?
Japan was going to limit their navy to three-fifths the size of the US and British navies and the Western powers agreed not to develop any new naval bases near Japan.
What was the cause of the Washington Naval Conference?
The growth of Japanese power might threaten American economic interest in the Far East, so the USA organized this Conference.
When and where was the Washington Naval Conference held?
It was from 1921-1922 in Washington DC.
What did Japan do to cause fear?
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What were three agreements that were affected by the Conference?
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What did the Four Power Treaty end?
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What was the 'open-door' policy?
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What were the nine nations included in the conference?
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What was the point of the Washington Naval Conference?
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What were the three treaties that were made and when were they established?
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Who was Kijuro Shidehara?
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Who called the Washington Naval Conference?
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What's another name for the Washington Naval Conference?
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Why did the Washington Naval Conference start?
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What were two other names for the Washington Naval Conference?
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Who signed the Five-Power Treaty?
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The Four-Power Treaty replaced what other treaty?
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Who was involved in the Four Power Treaty?
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What did the Nine-Power Treaty help the US with?
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What did the Nine-Power Treaty promise?
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Study Notes
Washington Naval Conference Overview
- Conference held from 1921 to 1922 in Washington D.C.
- Organized by the United States to address rising Japanese power and its implications for American interests in the Far East.
Major Agreements
- Japan's navy was limited to three-fifths the size of the US and British navies.
- Four Power Treaty established mutual respect among the US, UK, France, and Japan regarding Pacific rights.
- Nine Power Treaty committed nations to protect China's territorial integrity and uphold the 'open-door' policy for trade.
Key Treaties
- Four-Power Treaty (1921): Replaced the Anglo-Japanese Treaty of 1902, cementing cooperation among four major powers in the Pacific.
- Five-Power Treaty (1922): Signed by the US, UK, Japan, France, and Italy to limit naval armaments.
- Nine-Power Treaty (1922): Supported the Open Door Policy, involving nine nations including China.
Key Figures
- Kijuro Shidehara served as the Japanese ambassador to the USA during the conference.
- The conference was called by US President Warren G. Harding.
Context and Concerns
- The growth of Japanese military power raised fears in Europe and the USA regarding security in the Pacific region.
- The conference aimed to prevent a naval arms race and establish security frameworks.
Participants
- Nine nations were involved: Japan, China, United States, France, Italy, Portugal, Belgium, Britain, and the Netherlands.
Related Terms
- 'Open-Door' Policy: Advocated for free trade in the Chinese market without monopolistic restrictions.
- Conference known by alternative names: Washington Arms Conference, Washington Disarmament Conference, and International Conference on Naval Limitation.
Outcomes
- Aimed to defuse tensions in East Asia and promote disarmament among the world's largest naval powers.
- Established a framework for future international naval cooperation and security.
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Test your knowledge on the Washington Naval Conference through these flashcards. Explore key agreements between Japan and the Western powers and understand the causes behind this significant event. A great way to review important historical concepts!
