Questions and Answers
What is a severe pest?
A pest present in populations that are always above the economic injury level in the absence of control.
What is an occasional or secondary pest?
A pest that can cause damage above economic injury levels only at certain times.
What is a potential pest?
A pest that typically causes no apparent economic damage under normal circumstances.
What is a migratory pest?
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What are the five steps of developing an IPM program?
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What is an economic threshold?
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What is an economic injury level?
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What are mechanical control methods?
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What are physical control methods?
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What are cultural control methods?
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What are generic control methods?
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What are biological control methods?
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What are chemical control methods?
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What are avicides?
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What are bactericides?
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What are fungicides?
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What are herbicides?
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What are insecticides?
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What are miticides?
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What are molluscicides?
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What are nematicides?
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What are piscicides?
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What are rodenticides?
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Although not considered pesticides by definition, what three classes of chemicals are also regulated and classified as such?
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What are adjuvants?
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Define systemic pesticides.
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Define contact pesticides.
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What does FIFRA stand for?
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Study Notes
Pest Definitions
- Severe pest: Consistently present above economic injury levels without control.
- Occasional/secondary pest: Causes damage above economic injury levels at specific times.
- Potential pest: Typically causes no significant economic damage under normal conditions.
- Migratory pest: Can cause serious economic damage periodically.
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
- Steps for developing an IPM program include:
- Identify the pest.
- Define the management system.
- Create the pest management strategy.
- Establish reliable monitoring techniques.
- Implement economic thresholds.
Economic Concepts
- Economic threshold: Pest population level where control measures must be implemented to prevent reaching economic injury levels.
- Economic injury level: Pest density that leads to losses equal to control costs.
Control Methods
- Mechanical control: Devices to prevent or reduce pest infestations (e.g., traps, screens).
- Physical control: Manipulating environmental factors (humidity, temperature) to disrupt pest life cycles.
- Cultural control: Modifying the environment to mitigate pest damage (e.g., crop rotation, irrigation management).
- Generic control: Using resistant plants and animals; combining traditional breeding with genetic manipulation.
- Biological control: Introducing or boosting natural predators or parasites of pests.
- Chemical control: Using chemicals to manage pest populations, either naturally or synthetically derived.
Specific Pesticide Types
- Avicides: Chemicals for bird management.
- Bactericides: Chemicals for bacteria management.
- Fungicides: Chemicals for fungi management.
- Herbicides: Chemicals for plant management.
- Insecticides: Chemicals for managing insects.
- Miticides: Chemicals to manage mites.
- Molluscicides: Chemicals for managing snails and slugs.
- Nematicides: Chemicals for nematode management.
- Piscicides: Chemicals for managing pest fish.
- Rodenticides: Chemicals to control rodent populations.
Additional Chemical Regulations
- Defoliants: Chemicals causing foliage drop from plants.
- Dessicants: Chemicals promoting moisture loss in plant tissues.
- Growth Regulators: Substances altering growth or development of plants or animals.
Adjuvants
- Regulated as pesticides in Washington; these are substances added to enhance the safety or effectiveness of pesticide formulations.
Pesticide Types
- Systemic pesticides: Absorbed and translocated throughout the plant; can control pests in livestock through ingestion.
- Contact pesticides: Must physically contact the pest; not absorbed or translocated within treated organisms.
Regulatory Reference
- FIFRA: Stands for Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act, governing pesticide regulation.
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Description
Test your knowledge of Washington pesticide laws and safety with these flashcards. Learn about different types of pests, including severe, occasional, and potential pests. This quiz is essential for anyone studying pesticide management and safety regulations.