Washington Pesticide Laws Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is a severe pest?

A pest present in populations that are always above the economic injury level in the absence of control.

What is an occasional or secondary pest?

A pest that can cause damage above economic injury levels only at certain times.

What is a potential pest?

A pest that typically causes no apparent economic damage under normal circumstances.

What is a migratory pest?

A pest that may cause serious economic damage on a periodic basis. Signup and view all the answers

What are the five steps of developing an IPM program?

<ol> <li>Identify the pest to be managed. 2. Define the management system. 3. Develop the pest management strategy. 4. Develop reliable monitoring techniques. 5. Use economic thresholds.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What is an economic threshold?

The level or density of a pest population where control measures need to be applied to prevent the pest from reaching the economic injury level. Signup and view all the answers

What is an economic injury level?

The pest population density that causes losses equal to the cost of the control measures. Signup and view all the answers

What are mechanical control methods?

Devices that prevent the spread or reduce the infestation of pests, primarily insects and vertebrate animals. Signup and view all the answers

What are physical control methods?

The manipulation of water, humidity, temperature, electric shock, or other radiant energy to kill, alter the pest's life cycle, or create an unfavorable environment. Signup and view all the answers

What are cultural control methods?

The manipulation of the environment to avert serious pest damage. Signup and view all the answers

What are generic control methods?

The use of plants and animals that are resistant to attack by pests. Signup and view all the answers

What are biological control methods?

Involve the introduction, encouragement, and/or artificial increase of plants and insects/animals that are parasites or predators of a pest species. Signup and view all the answers

What are chemical control methods?

Involve the use of naturally or synthetically derived chemicals that kill, attract, repel, or otherwise manage the growth of a pest. Signup and view all the answers

What are avicides?

Management of birds. Signup and view all the answers

What are bactericides?

Management of bacteria. Signup and view all the answers

What are fungicides?

Management of fungi. Signup and view all the answers

What are herbicides?

Management of plants. Signup and view all the answers

What are insecticides?

Management of insects and insect relatives. Signup and view all the answers

What are miticides?

Management of mites. Signup and view all the answers

What are molluscicides?

Management of snails and slugs. Signup and view all the answers

What are nematicides?

Management of nematodes. Signup and view all the answers

What are piscicides?

Management of pest fish. Signup and view all the answers

What are rodenticides?

Management of rodent populations. Signup and view all the answers

Although not considered pesticides by definition, what three classes of chemicals are also regulated and classified as such?

<ol> <li>Defoliants: Chemicals that cause leaves or foliage to drop from a plant. 2. Dessicants: Chemicals that promote drying or loss of moisture in plant tissues. 3. Growth regulators: Substances (other than fertilizers or food) that alter the growth or development of a plant or animal.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are adjuvants?

Substances added to the pesticides formulations and tank mixtures to increase safety or effectiveness. Signup and view all the answers

Define systemic pesticides.

Products that are foliar or root absorbed and then translocated throughout the plant. Signup and view all the answers

Define contact pesticides.

Are neither absorbed nor translocated within treated plants or animals. Signup and view all the answers

What does FIFRA stand for?

Federal Insecticide Fungicide and Rodenticide Act. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Pest Definitions

Severe pest: Consistently present above economic injury levels without control.
Occasional/secondary pest: Causes damage above economic injury levels at specific times.
Potential pest: Typically causes no significant economic damage under normal conditions.
Migratory pest: Can cause serious economic damage periodically.

Integrated Pest Management (IPM)

Steps for developing an IPM program include:
- Identify the pest.
- Define the management system.
- Create the pest management strategy.
- Establish reliable monitoring techniques.
- Implement economic thresholds.

Economic Concepts

Economic threshold: Pest population level where control measures must be implemented to prevent reaching economic injury levels.
Economic injury level: Pest density that leads to losses equal to control costs.

Control Methods

Mechanical control: Devices to prevent or reduce pest infestations (e.g., traps, screens).
Physical control: Manipulating environmental factors (humidity, temperature) to disrupt pest life cycles.
Cultural control: Modifying the environment to mitigate pest damage (e.g., crop rotation, irrigation management).
Generic control: Using resistant plants and animals; combining traditional breeding with genetic manipulation.
Biological control: Introducing or boosting natural predators or parasites of pests.
Chemical control: Using chemicals to manage pest populations, either naturally or synthetically derived.

Specific Pesticide Types

Avicides: Chemicals for bird management.
Bactericides: Chemicals for bacteria management.
Fungicides: Chemicals for fungi management.
Herbicides: Chemicals for plant management.
Insecticides: Chemicals for managing insects.
Miticides: Chemicals to manage mites.
Molluscicides: Chemicals for managing snails and slugs.
Nematicides: Chemicals for nematode management.
Piscicides: Chemicals for managing pest fish.
Rodenticides: Chemicals to control rodent populations.

Additional Chemical Regulations

Defoliants: Chemicals causing foliage drop from plants.
Dessicants: Chemicals promoting moisture loss in plant tissues.
Growth Regulators: Substances altering growth or development of plants or animals.

Adjuvants

Regulated as pesticides in Washington; these are substances added to enhance the safety or effectiveness of pesticide formulations.

Pesticide Types

Systemic pesticides: Absorbed and translocated throughout the plant; can control pests in livestock through ingestion.
Contact pesticides: Must physically contact the pest; not absorbed or translocated within treated organisms.

Regulatory Reference

FIFRA: Stands for Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act, governing pesticide regulation.

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Description

Test your knowledge of Washington pesticide laws and safety with these flashcards. Learn about different types of pests, including severe, occasional, and potential pests. This quiz is essential for anyone studying pesticide management and safety regulations.