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Questions and Answers

What is the speed at which the Philippine Sea Plate is moving towards the Eurasian Plate?

  • 3-5 cm per year
  • 6-8 cm per year (correct)
  • 1-2 cm per year
  • 10-12 cm per year

    • Which fault runs parallel to the Philippine Trench and is integral to the region's geodynamics?

  • Philippine Fault (correct)
  • Caribbean Fault
  • San Andreas Fault
  • Alpide Fault

    • What characterizes the Philippine Mobile Belt's tectonic nature?

  • An area with stable geological features
  • Single tectonic plate movement
  • No seismic activities
  • Complex tectonic zone with subduction boundaries (correct)

    • What major tectonic interaction occurs at the Philippine Mobile Belt?

    <p>East-West compression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much has the Philippine Sea Plate rotated since the early Tertiary period?

    <p>90˚</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated average velocity of the Philippine Fault?

    <p>0.5 cm per year</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of plate is the Philippine Sea Plate classified as?

    <p>Oceanic plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of active volcanism in the Philippine Mobile Belt?

    <p>Subduction processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens at divergent boundaries?

    <p>Plates move apart and new lithosphere is created.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of plate boundary is known for the formation of large mountain ranges?

    <p>Convergent Continental-Continental Boundaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes ocean-ocean convergence?

    <p>The denser plate subducts into the asthenosphere.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What results from the collision of oceanic lithosphere and continental lithosphere?

    <p>Oceanic lithosphere subducts beneath continental lithosphere.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a transform boundary?

    <p>Plates slide past each other without creating or destroying lithosphere.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a subduction zone?

    <p>The area where one tectonic plate sinks into the mantle beneath another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of the Philippine tectonic setting contributes to its geological hazards?

    <p>Presence of multiple subduction zones converging towards the region.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of the Philippine Fault in the geology of the Philippines?

    <p>It causes sliding past movements without lithosphere destruction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process demonstrates the creation of new oceanic crust at mid-ocean ridges?

    <p>Sea-floor spreading</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of subduction zone is associated with the Philippine Trench?

    <p>East-dipping subduction zone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of plate boundary is characterized by plates moving away from each other?

    <p>Divergent boundary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements regarding mountain formation is true?

    <p>Mountain ranges are formed through continental-continental convergence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What geological feature is formed due to the collision of the Palawan Block with the Philippine Mobile Belt?

    <p>A subduction zone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is highlighted by the seismic activity and volcanic eruptions in the Philippine archipelago?

    <p>The impacts of plate tectonics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How deep is the Philippine Trench at its maximum?

    <p>10,540 meters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the seismic activity in the Philippines?

    <p>Its location above a tectonic plate boundary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist is known for proposing the Continental Drift Theory?

    <p>Alfred Wegener</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the most active volcano in the Philippines located?

    <p>Southeastern Luzon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the lithosphere consist of?

    <p>The upper mantle and the crust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the Philippine Mobile Belt is accurate?

    <p>It has two active zones: western and eastern.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of the Philippine Mobile Belt?

    <p>It is dominated by volcanic activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the Philippine archipelago located in relation to tectonic plates?

    <p>At a convergent boundary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fault is associated with the Philippine Trench?

    <p>Strike-slip fault</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary tectonic process affecting the Philippine Trench?

    <p>Subduction of the Philippine Sea Plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the plates of the lithosphere to move?

    <p>Heat from radioactive processes within Earth's interior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes up the lithosphere?

    <p>The brittle upper mantle and the crust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the first to theorize that lands bordering the Atlantic Ocean were once joined?

    <p>Alexander von Humboldt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Alfred Wegener propose in relation to the continents?

    <p>They originated from a supercontinent named Pangaea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does continental drift refer to?

    <p>Large-scale horizontal movements of continents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the asthenosphere is true?

    <p>It flows like molten plastic while being solid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What divided the supercontinent Pangaea into two landmasses?

    <p>The sea called Tethys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which evidence did Snider-Pellegrini provide to support continental drift?

    <p>Similarities in fossil plants in distant continents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Philippine Sea Plate Movement

    • The Philippine Sea Plate is moving towards the Eurasian Plate at a rate of approximately 70–80 millimeters per year.
    • The Philippine Fault, running parallel to the Philippine Trench, is crucial to the region's geodynamics.

    Philippine Mobile Belt Tectonics

    • The Philippine Mobile Belt is characterized by its complex and active tectonic setting, involving a collision between the Philippine Sea Plate and the Eurasian Plate.
    • This collision has led to the rotation of the Philippine Sea Plate by approximately 30 degrees since the early Tertiary period.
    • The Philippine Fault is estimated to have an average velocity of approximately 10 millimeters per year.
    • The Philippine Sea Plate is classified as an oceanic plate.

    Tectonic Processes and Features

    • Active volcanism in the Philippine Mobile Belt is primarily caused by the subduction of the Philippine Sea Plate beneath the Eurasian Plate.
    • Divergent plate boundaries are characterized by the separation of plates, resulting in the creation of new oceanic crust.
    • Convergent plate boundaries are known for the formation of large mountain ranges due to the collision of plates.
    • Ocean-ocean convergence involves the subduction of one oceanic plate beneath another.
    • The collision of oceanic lithosphere and continental lithosphere results in the formation of volcanic arcs along the continental margin.
    • A transform boundary involves plates sliding past each other horizontally.
    • A subduction zone occurs where one tectonic plate dives beneath another, typically an oceanic plate beneath a continental plate.

    Philippine Tectonic Setting

    • The Philippine tectonic setting is characterized by multiple subduction zones, volcanic activity, and frequent earthquakes, contributing to geological hazards.
    • The Philippine Fault plays a significant role in the geology of the Philippines, causing earthquakes and influencing mountain formation.
    • Seafloor spreading is the process that creates new oceanic crust at mid-ocean ridges.
    • The Philippine Trench is a convergent plate boundary, where subduction occurs, creating a subduction zone. This zone is marked by deep trenches, volcanic activity, and earthquakes.
    • Divergent plate boundaries are known for the separation of plates.
    • The collision of the Palawan Block with the Philippine Mobile Belt resulted in the formation of the Zambales Mountains.
    • The seismic activity and volcanic eruptions in the Philippine archipelago highlight the active tectonic process occurring in the region.
    • The Philippine Trench reaches a maximum depth of approximately 10,540 meters.
    • The seismic activity in the Philippines is primarily caused by the subduction of the Philippine Sea Plate beneath the Eurasian Plate.

    Continental Drift Theory

    • Alfred Wegener proposed the Continental Drift Theory.
    • The most active volcano in the Philippines is Mayon Volcano, located in the Bicol Region.
    • The lithosphere consists of the Earth's crust and uppermost mantle.
    • The Philippine Mobile Belt is a zone of intense tectonic activity, marked by volcanoes, earthquakes, and mountain ranges.
    • A key feature of the Philippine Mobile Belt is its subduction zone where the Philippine Sea Plate is diving under the Eurasian Plate.
    • The Philippine archipelago is situated at the intersection of several tectonic plates, specifically the Philippine Sea Plate, Eurasian Plate, and Indo-Australian Plate.
    • The Philippine Trench is associated with a reverse fault.
    • The Philippine Trench is primarily affected by the process of subduction.
    • Convection currents within the mantle cause the plates of the lithosphere to move.
    • The lithosphere is composed of the crust and the uppermost mantle.
    • Antonio Snider-Pellegrini was the first to theorize about the continents once being connected across the Atlantic Ocean.
    • Alfred Wegener proposed the Continental Drift Theory, suggesting that the continents were once joined as a supercontinent called Pangaea and have since drifted apart.
    • Continental drift refers to the movement of continents over the Earth's surface.
    • The asthenosphere is a semi-solid layer of the Earth's mantle that allows for plate movement.
    • Pangaea was divided into two landmasses, Laurasia and Gondwana, by the breakup of the supercontinent.
    • Snider-Pellegrini provided evidence for continental drift by showing the matching coastlines of South America and Africa.

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