Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary relationship between frequency and pitch in voice disorders?
What is the primary relationship between frequency and pitch in voice disorders?
- Frequency is equivalent to pitch. (correct)
- High frequency results from thicker vocal folds.
- Frequency and pitch are completely unrelated.
- Frequency determines the quality of vocal resonance.
How does the mass of the vocal folds affect the fundamental frequency (F0)?
How does the mass of the vocal folds affect the fundamental frequency (F0)?
- Thicker vocal folds contribute to a lower F0. (correct)
- Thinner vocal folds contribute to a lower F0.
- Thicker vocal folds contribute to a higher F0.
- Mass has no effect on F0.
What is the main factor influencing the intensity of voice production?
What is the main factor influencing the intensity of voice production?
- The resonance of the vocal tract.
- The pitch of the voice.
- The length of the vocal folds.
- The amount of airflow from the lungs. (correct)
What is the typical fundamental frequency range for adult females?
What is the typical fundamental frequency range for adult females?
Which vocal fold characteristic contributes to a higher fundamental frequency (F0)?
Which vocal fold characteristic contributes to a higher fundamental frequency (F0)?
When does fundamental frequency (F0) typically begin to decrease in women?
When does fundamental frequency (F0) typically begin to decrease in women?
What condition is characterized by differences in pitch, loudness, or phonatory quality when compared to peers?
What condition is characterized by differences in pitch, loudness, or phonatory quality when compared to peers?
Which of the following factors does NOT contribute to the intensity of vocal fold production?
Which of the following factors does NOT contribute to the intensity of vocal fold production?
What is the hallmark characteristic of spasmodic dysphonia?
What is the hallmark characteristic of spasmodic dysphonia?
What type of spasmodic dysphonia is the most common?
What type of spasmodic dysphonia is the most common?
Which symptom is NOT typically associated with iatrogenic etiology?
Which symptom is NOT typically associated with iatrogenic etiology?
What is a common vocal characteristic in individuals with ALS?
What is a common vocal characteristic in individuals with ALS?
Which of the following is not a symptom of spasmodic dysphonia?
Which of the following is not a symptom of spasmodic dysphonia?
What treatment is effective in improving voice function in individuals with Parkinson's disease?
What treatment is effective in improving voice function in individuals with Parkinson's disease?
What is the life expectancy of an individual diagnosed with ALS?
What is the life expectancy of an individual diagnosed with ALS?
Which characteristics describe the adductor type of spasmodic dysphonia?
Which characteristics describe the adductor type of spasmodic dysphonia?
Which of the following best describes vocal tic disorder?
Which of the following best describes vocal tic disorder?
What distinguishes Tourette syndrome from vocal tic disorder?
What distinguishes Tourette syndrome from vocal tic disorder?
What is a common psychological attribution for paradoxical vocal fold movement (PVFM)?
What is a common psychological attribution for paradoxical vocal fold movement (PVFM)?
In which population is paradoxical vocal fold movement (PVFM) most commonly observed?
In which population is paradoxical vocal fold movement (PVFM) most commonly observed?
What characterizes psychogenic voice disorders?
What characterizes psychogenic voice disorders?
What is often reported by individuals suffering from PVFM?
What is often reported by individuals suffering from PVFM?
What contributes to the treatment approach for paradoxical vocal fold movement (PVFM)?
What contributes to the treatment approach for paradoxical vocal fold movement (PVFM)?
What is a key difference between organic and non-organic voice disorders?
What is a key difference between organic and non-organic voice disorders?
What is a common psychological factor that can worsen vocal problems?
What is a common psychological factor that can worsen vocal problems?
Which of the following is a psychopathic condition that may affect voice quality?
Which of the following is a psychopathic condition that may affect voice quality?
What does mutational falsetto refer to?
What does mutational falsetto refer to?
What is a characteristic feature of juvenile voice disorder?
What is a characteristic feature of juvenile voice disorder?
What surgical procedure involves inserting a tube to facilitate breathing and bypass the vocal folds?
What surgical procedure involves inserting a tube to facilitate breathing and bypass the vocal folds?
What is the role of the Passy-Muir Valve in communication?
What is the role of the Passy-Muir Valve in communication?
Which of the following best describes 'la belle indifference'?
Which of the following best describes 'la belle indifference'?
What is one potential cause of mutational falsetto in males?
What is one potential cause of mutational falsetto in males?
What is the primary goal of a laryngectomy?
What is the primary goal of a laryngectomy?
Which group has the highest mortality rate from laryngeal cancer?
Which group has the highest mortality rate from laryngeal cancer?
What causes hypernasality?
What causes hypernasality?
Which of the following is NOT a defining characteristic of voice disorders?
Which of the following is NOT a defining characteristic of voice disorders?
What condition can lead to underloudness in vocal quality?
What condition can lead to underloudness in vocal quality?
Which term describes a pitch that is unusually low and sounds like a poorly tuned engine?
Which term describes a pitch that is unusually low and sounds like a poorly tuned engine?
What is a common cause of hyponasality?
What is a common cause of hyponasality?
What vocal quality indicates a person is producing their voice too softly?
What vocal quality indicates a person is producing their voice too softly?
Which phonatory quality is characterized by a tense and abrupt onset of voice?
Which phonatory quality is characterized by a tense and abrupt onset of voice?
What is the first referral a person should make if experiencing voice disorder symptoms lasting more than two weeks?
What is the first referral a person should make if experiencing voice disorder symptoms lasting more than two weeks?
Which assessment protocol is involved in determining a child's likelihood of developing stuttering?
Which assessment protocol is involved in determining a child's likelihood of developing stuttering?
What is NOT a typical warning sign of voice disorders in adults?
What is NOT a typical warning sign of voice disorders in adults?
Which professional is likely to collaborate in a voice care team for a comprehensive understanding of a voice disorder?
Which professional is likely to collaborate in a voice care team for a comprehensive understanding of a voice disorder?
What aspect does the Voice Handicap Index (VHI) primarily evaluate?
What aspect does the Voice Handicap Index (VHI) primarily evaluate?
Which of the following is a characteristic of glottal fry?
Which of the following is a characteristic of glottal fry?
In which scenario would it be necessary to collect voice use information from a parent or caregiver?
In which scenario would it be necessary to collect voice use information from a parent or caregiver?
Flashcards
Voice Disorder
Voice Disorder
A difference in vocal pitch, loudness, or quality compared to people of similar age, gender, and background that noticeably impacts daily life.
Fundamental Frequency (F0)
Fundamental Frequency (F0)
The average rate of vibration of the vocal folds, perceived as pitch.
Vocal Fold Length
Vocal Fold Length
Longer vocal folds vibrate more slowly, leading to lower pitch.
Vocal Fold Mass
Vocal Fold Mass
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Vocal Fold Tension
Vocal Fold Tension
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Intensity (Voice)
Intensity (Voice)
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Phonation
Phonation
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Resonance
Resonance
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What is Vocal Tic Disorder?
What is Vocal Tic Disorder?
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What is Tourette Syndrome?
What is Tourette Syndrome?
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What is Paradoxical Vocal Fold Movement (PVFM)?
What is Paradoxical Vocal Fold Movement (PVFM)?
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What is the most common demographic for PVFM?
What is the most common demographic for PVFM?
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Why is PVFM complex?
Why is PVFM complex?
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What is Psychogenic Voice Disorder?
What is Psychogenic Voice Disorder?
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What is Psychogenic Dysphonia?
What is Psychogenic Dysphonia?
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How does the voice reflect mental states?
How does the voice reflect mental states?
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Psychogenic Voice Disorders
Psychogenic Voice Disorders
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Mutational Falsetto
Mutational Falsetto
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Juvenile Voice Disorder
Juvenile Voice Disorder
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Conversion Disorder
Conversion Disorder
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Tracheostomy
Tracheostomy
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Passy-Muir Valve
Passy-Muir Valve
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Alaryngeal Communication
Alaryngeal Communication
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Emotional Impact on Voice
Emotional Impact on Voice
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Spasmodic Dysphonia
Spasmodic Dysphonia
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Adductor Spasmodic Dysphonia
Adductor Spasmodic Dysphonia
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Abductor Spasmodic Dysphonia
Abductor Spasmodic Dysphonia
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ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis)
ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis)
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Parkinson's Disease
Parkinson's Disease
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Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT)
Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT)
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Iatrogenic Etiology
Iatrogenic Etiology
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Vocal Fold Movement Impairment (VPMI)
Vocal Fold Movement Impairment (VPMI)
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Laryngectomy
Laryngectomy
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Laryngeal Cancer
Laryngeal Cancer
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Velopharyngeal Port
Velopharyngeal Port
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Hypernasality
Hypernasality
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Hyponasality
Hyponasality
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Glottal Fry
Glottal Fry
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Monotonic Voice
Monotonic Voice
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Overloudness
Overloudness
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Vocal Strain
Vocal Strain
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Hard Glottal Attack
Hard Glottal Attack
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Breathy Phonation
Breathy Phonation
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Voice Disorder Warning Signs (Children)
Voice Disorder Warning Signs (Children)
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Voice Disorder Warning Signs (Adults)
Voice Disorder Warning Signs (Adults)
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Voice Care Team
Voice Care Team
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Voice Handicap Index (VHI)
Voice Handicap Index (VHI)
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Assessment Protocol for Voice Disorders
Assessment Protocol for Voice Disorders
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Study Notes
Voice Disorders
- Voice disorders are characterized by differences in pitch, loudness, or phonatory quality from a person of a similar gender, age, cultural background, and racial or ethnic group.
- This difference is noticeable and detracts from everyday performance.
- Definitions include voice, phonation, resonance, articulation, frequency, adduction, abduction, pitch, and phonatory quality.
- Intensity is measured in decibels (dB) and is related to loudness.
- Two vocal fold production features relate to intensity:
- Amount of airflow from lungs
- Amount of resistance by vocal folds to airflow.
- Vocal fold functioning includes hypofunction and hyperfunction, spasticity (voice starts/stops intermittently), and diplophonia (double pitch production).
Voice Without a Larynx
- Laryngectomy is a procedure that removes the larynx, frequently due to cancer.
- Laryngectomy can be combined with surgery and radiation therapy.
- Speech production is altered through alaryngeal communication techniques.
Voice Disorders in Children
- Approximately 4-6% of children experience voice disorders.
- Vocal nodules are a common cause of voice disorders in children.
- Voice disorders in children may result from physiological factors (e.g., gastroesophageal reflux, low blood circulation, dehydration, and laryngeal tension) or psychological factors (e.g., anger, anxiety, distractibility, frustration, interpersonal problems, hyperactivity, and loud talking).
- Voice disorders in children are more common in males.
Reasons Why Voice Disorders May Not Be Treated
- Access to treatment
- Knowledge of treatment related to voice disorders
- Social perceptions
How Voice Disorders Are Classified
- Vocal abuse
- Neurogenic disorders
- Psychogenic disorders
Vocal Nodules
- Vocal nodules appear on the inner edges of the vocal folds as calloused growths.
- Vocal nodules are frequently seen in children and adults and can result from chronic vocal misuse.
- Vocal nodules can be acute or chronic in nature.
Contact Ulcers and Granuloma
- Develop on the arytenoid cartilages in the posterior larynx.
- Develop from repetitive forceful contact of the vocal folds.
- Typically associated with breathiness, low voice quality.
Neurogenic Voice Disorders
- Voice disorders caused by lesions on the vagus nerve.
- Voice disorders linked to diseases such as spasmodic dysphonia, ALS, and Parkinson's Disease.
- Diseases include: vagus nerve lesion, spasmodic dysphonia, ALS, Parkinson's Disease, etc.
Spasmodic Dysphonia
- Disordered motor control of the larynx, resulting in intermittent voice interruptions.
- Voice characteristics that follow spasmodic movements: jerky, grunting, squeezed, groaning, and stuttering.
- Types include adductor and abductor.
Parkinson's Disease
- Progressive neurological disorder causing reduced dopamine levels.
- Speech and communication skills can be affected, including reduced pitch variation and breathiness.
Iatrogenic Etiology
- Voice disorders resulting from medical or surgical treatments, such as intubation or surgery.
- Resulting voice disorder may be a symptom or disorder of impaired laryngeal function.
Vocal Tics and Tourette Syndrome
- Unusual vocalizations/tics, including clicks, yelps, snorts, etc.
- Often associated with motor tics affecting other parts of the body.
Paradoxical Vocal Fold Movement (PVFM)
- Abnormal closure of the vocal folds during breathing.
- Rare and can be linked with underlying psychological factors.
Psychogenic Voice Disorders
- Voice disorders linked to psychological or emotional experiences, and conditions like anxiety.
- Symptoms include vocal quality alterations, such as breathiness, hoarseness and stress due to emotions.
Mutational Falsetto and Juvenile Voice Disorders
- Voice problems related to changes in the larynx (e.g., inappropriate pitch, difficulty with voice change).
- This can be related to conditions such as puberty, or endocrine or psychological issues.
Alaryngeal Communication
- Speech production without the larynx (e.g., using tracheostomy or laryngectomy).
- Methods include using artificial larynx, voice-output devices, esophageal speech, and tracheoesophageal speech.
Assessment Protocol
- Procedures and methods for assessing voice disorders, including case histories, interviews, clinical observation, and instrument-based analyses.
- Acoustic, aerodynamic, electroglottography, and videostroboscopy are examples of instrumental assessments.
Treatment
- Multifaceted interventions targeting the specific causes of the voice problem using evidence-based practices, surgery or therapy, or both.
- Voice disorders treatment options include: vocal hygiene programs, relaxation exercises, breathing exercises, and counseling.
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Description
This quiz explores the characteristics and definitions of voice disorders, including details on vocal fold production and measurements of intensity. It also covers the implications of laryngectomy on speech production and the alterations that follow this surgical procedure. Understand the medical background and terminology related to voice health.
