nutrition 3
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a potential consequence of using aluminum-containing antacids excessively?

  • Increased risk of anemia
  • Increased risk of phosphorus deficiency (correct)
  • Increased risk of magnesium deficiency
  • Increased risk of calcium deficiency

    • What is the primary function of magnesium in the body's enzymes?

  • As an activator of enzyme activity, especially involving phosphate groups (correct)
  • As an inhibitor of enzyme activity
  • As a regulator of blood sugar levels
  • As a catalyst for protein synthesis

    • Where is the majority of magnesium stored in the human body?

  • Muscles
  • Nervous tissues
  • Bones (correct)
  • Blood plasma

    • What is a common characteristic of people who may experience hypophosphatemia due to refeeding syndrome?

    <p>Severe malnutrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a symptom of phosphorus deficiency that affects the skeletal system?

    <p>Bone disease (osteomalacia, rickets)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of magnesium in the body's electrical functions?

    <p>Conducting electrical signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which the body preserves magnesium levels when stores are low?

    <p>Limiting the amount of magnesium excreted in urine and absorbing more in the gut</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of chloride in the body?

    <p>Its levels in the blood tend to coincide with sodium levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence of a loss of chloride in the body?

    <p>Conditions that cause sodium losses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of sodium in the body related to glucose, galactose, and amino acids?

    <p>It facilitates their active transport across the intestinal mucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common condition that can lead to a true magnesium deficiency?

    <p>A long-term low magnesium diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a symptom of magnesium deficiency?

    <p>Numbness or tingling in skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is essential for the carboxylation of glutamic acid residues in specific proteins?

    <p>Vitamin K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common clinical syndrome that results from vitamin K deficiency in newborns?

    <p>Hemorrhagic disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about vitamin E?

    <p>It protects lipids in membranes from oxidative damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of γ-glutamylcarboxylase, the enzyme that requires vitamin K as a cofactor?

    <p>To catalyze the carboxylation of glutamic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk factor for vitamin K deficiency?

    <p>Antibiotic use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the biologically active form of vitamin C?

    <p>Both ascorbate and dehydroascorbic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for hypokalemia in hospitalized patients?

    <p>Medications that cause excessive potassium excretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is NOT a possible cause of hypokalemia?

    <p>High-potassium diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of magnesium in maintaining potassium levels?

    <p>Magnesium helps reabsorb potassium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of severe hypokalemia?

    <p>Muscle paralysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for studying the roles of trace minerals in laboratory animals?

    <p>Because it is difficult to conduct experiments with human subjects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical daily potassium intake that can lead to hyperkalemia in individuals with compromised kidneys?

    <p>More than 4,700 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common way that the body absorbs fluoride?

    <p>In the gut</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the condition that occurs when infants and children ingest more fluoride than needed during tooth formation?

    <p>Dental fluorosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the disease that is associated with severe selenium deficiency and affects the heart muscle?

    <p>Keshan disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential consequence of a fluoride deficiency in infants and children?

    <p>Dental caries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of fluoride in the body?

    <p>Preventing and reversing dental caries and building strong teeth and bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the condition that is associated with severe selenium deficiency and affects the bones?

    <p>Kashin-Beck disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

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