Questions and Answers
What is the name of Vitamin B1?
Thiamin
What vitamin B complex works as a coenzyme with riboflavin to synthesize niacin?
Thiamin
Which Vitamin B complex functions as a coenzyme in the metabolism of energy nutrients?
Thiamin
What are sources of Thiamin?
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Beriberi is a hypostate of which B vitamin?
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Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is a hypostate of which B vitamin?
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What is Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome?
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What is the name of Vitamin B2?
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Which Vitamin B complex functions as a coenzyme in metabolism and works with Thiamin?
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Which Vitamin B complex is essential for healthy eyes and mucous membranes?
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Which Vitamin B complex has a unique yellow-green fluorescent pigment?
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What dental implications can arise from a deficiency of Riboflavin?
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What is the name of Vitamin B3?
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What are the two active forms of Niacin?
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Which Vitamin B complex is stable in heat, acids, light and oxygen but may be lost in food if cooking water is discarded?
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Which Vitamin B complex works with Riboflavin in glucose production and metabolism?
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What deficiency is associated with the symptoms: diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, and death?
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Deficiency of only Thiamin, Riboflavin, or Niacin, and not the others is rare.
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What is the name of Vitamin B5?
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What role does Pantothenic acid play in metabolism?
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What is the name of Vitamin B6?
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Vitamin B6 is the term commonly used for a group of 3 compounds.
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Which Vitamin B complex functions in the conversion of tryptophan to Niacin?
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What are some symptoms of Pyridoxine deficiency?
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What role does Folate play in the body?
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What deficiency leads to megaloblastic anemia?
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What is the name of Vitamin B12?
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What vitamin B complex contains the mineral cobalt?
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Which vitamin B is only present in animal foods?
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What deficiency can result from a lack of intrinsic factor?
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What effects can excessive intake of Vit B6 have?
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What is the name of Vitamin B7?
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Deficiencies of this B vitamin are very rare but can be seen in infants given sulfa drugs.
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What binds to Biotin in raw egg whites making it unavailable for absorption?
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What are oral signs of Biotin deficiency?
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Study Notes
Vitamin B1 (Thiamin)
- Functions as a coenzyme with riboflavin to synthesize niacin, aiding in energy metabolism from carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
- Sources include lean meats, poultry, whole grains, enriched breads, cereals, and egg yolk.
- Deficiency leads to beriberi and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, a dementia-related condition linked to chronic alcoholism.
- Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome symptoms include blurred vision, confusion, impaired memory, and coordination issues.
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
- Key for eye health, mucous membrane maintenance, and acts as a coenzyme in energy metabolism along with thiamin.
- Resilience to heat but sensitive to alkali, UV rays, and light; has a distinctive yellow-green fluorescent pigment.
- Deficiency manifests as angular cheilitis, glossitis, dermatitis, and anemia, affecting oral health.
Vitamin B3 (Niacin)
- Two active forms: nicotinamide and nicotinic acid; stable under heat, light, and oxygen but lost in cooking water.
- Collaborates with riboflavin in glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism and supports enzyme functions degrading sucrose.
- Can be synthesized from tryptophan in the presence of vitamins B1, B2, B6; niacin deficiency causes pellagra, characterized by diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, and potentially death.
- Toxicity mainly arises from supplements, not food, leading to liver issues and abnormal metabolic responses.
Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)
- Integral in carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism; crucial for synthesizing triglycerides, phospholipids, and sterols.
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
- Comprises three compounds: pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine; important for amino acid metabolism and immune function.
- Deficiency can result in CNS abnormalities, anemia, and impaired immune response.
- Increased need during pregnancy; affected by various medications including isoniazid and penicillamine.
Vitamin B9 (Folate/Folic Acid)
- Essential for DNA and RNA synthesis, cell division, and maintaining mature red blood cell levels.
- Deficiency leads to megaloblastic anemia and neural tube defects such as spina bifida.
- Prolonged high intake can mask B12 deficiency symptoms; vitamin C prevents its deterioration.
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)
- Contains cobalt; exclusive to animal sources and sensitive to heavy metals and oxidizing agents.
- Functions in folate metabolism and RBC formation; deficiency mainly due to inadequate absorption mechanisms.
- Symptoms include neurological issues, confusion, and anemia; dietary deficiencies rare, but possible in strict vegans.
- Pernicious anemia occurs due to achlorhydria impacting absorption, with similar symptoms to folate deficiency.
Vitamin B7 (Biotin)
- Very rare deficiencies; can occur in infants given sulfa drugs or if consuming raw egg whites (due to avidin binding).
- Oral signs of deficiency include pallor and atrophy of the tongue's papillae.
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Description
Test your knowledge of Vitamin B complex with these flashcards specifically from Chapter 11. Each card covers essential information regarding Thiamin, including its function, sources, and coenzyme activity in metabolism. Use these cards to reinforce your understanding of this vital nutrient.
