10 Questions
Define virus in the context of virology.
A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent composed of a capsid, nucleic acid, and sometimes an envelope.
What are the components of a viral particle?
The components of a viral particle include the genome, capsid, and sometimes an envelope.
What is the concept of peplomer in virology?
A peplomer refers to the spikes on the surface of a virus, which are involved in attachment to host cells.
Explain the concept of epitope in the context of viruses.
An epitope is the specific part of an antigen that is recognized by the immune system, often corresponding to a specific region on a viral protein.
Identify the types of viral genomes and explain the difference between DNA and RNA viral families.
Viral genomes can be DNA or RNA, and may be segmented or non-segmented. DNA viral families replicate in the nucleus, while RNA viral families replicate in the cytoplasm.
What is the part of an antigen that is recognized by the immune system?
Epitope
What is the lipid bilayer that some viruses have and is derived from the host cell?
Viral envelope
What type of viruses are more sensitive to disinfectants and less resistant in the environment?
Enveloped viruses
What is the term for the genetic material of a virus, which can be DNA or RNA?
Viral genome (nucleic acid)
Who determines what to name and where to classify viruses?
The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)
Study Notes
Viruses in Virology
- A virus is a small infectious agent that replicates inside the cells of an organism.
Components of a Viral Particle
- A viral particle, also known as a virion, consists of a protein coat (capsid) that surrounds the genetic material (genome).
Peplomer
- A peplomer is a spike-like protein structure on the surface of a viral particle that helps the virus attach to and enter host cells.
Epitope
- An epitope is a region on a viral antigen that is recognized by the immune system, stimulating an immune response.
Viral Genomes
- Viral genomes can be either DNA or RNA.
- DNA viral families include adenoviruses, herpesviruses, and poxviruses, which replicate in the host cell's nucleus.
- RNA viral families include coronaviruses, influenza viruses, and retroviruses, which replicate in the host cell's cytoplasm.
Antigen Recognition
- The part of an antigen that is recognized by the immune system is called an epitope.
Viral Envelope
- The lipid bilayer surrounding some viruses is derived from the host cell and is known as the viral envelope.
Sensitivity to Disinfectants
- Enveloped viruses, having a lipid bilayer, are more sensitive to disinfectants and less resistant in the environment compared to non-enveloped viruses.
Viral Genome
- The genetic material of a virus, which can be either DNA or RNA, is referred to as the viral genome.
Virus Classification
- The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) determines what to name and where to classify viruses.
Test your knowledge on the definition of virus, viral particle components, peplomer, epitope, and types of viral genomes including DNA, RNA, segmented or not. Learn about virus classification and the determining factors. This quiz covers Chapter 1 from Fenner's Veterinary Virology 2017.
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