Questions and Answers
Acepromazine dose for dogs is ____ mg/kg.
0.02
Acepromazine maximum injection dose for dogs is ____ mg.
3
What class does Acepromazine belong to?
Acepromazine is a controlled substance.
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Does Acepromazine provide analgesia?
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What is a common route of administration for Acepromazine?
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What are some effects of Acepromazine?
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What is the adverse effect of Acepromazine?
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The dose for Butorphanol is ____ mg/kg.
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Butorphanol is a Class 4 controlled substance.
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What type of drug is Butorphanol?
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Butorphanol provides mild to moderate analgesia.
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The onset time for SQ administration of Butorphanol is ____ minutes.
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What is a common use for Butorphanol?
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What is an adverse effect of Butorphanol?
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The dose for Buprenorphine is ____ mg/kg.
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Buprenorphine is a Class 3 controlled substance.
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What is the primary action of Buprenorphine?
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The onset time for Buprenorphine is ____ minutes.
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What does the 'First Pass Effect' refer to?
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The dose for Diazepam is ____ mg/kg.
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Diazepam is a light-sensitive drug.
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What is the mechanism of action for Diazepam?
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What are the effects of Diazepam?
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Diazepam has analgesic effects.
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Study Notes
Acepromazine
- Effective dose for dogs: 0.02 mg/kg, max injection dose 3 mg; for cats: max injection dose 1 mg.
- Classed as a phenothiazine; not controlled and lacking analgesic properties.
- Administered via IV, IM, SQ, or PO; SQ onset is 15-30 minutes; effects last 3-6 hours.
- Produces sedation, peripheral vasodilation, anti-arrhythmic, and antiemetic effects; contraindicated in animals undergoing allergy tests.
- Adverse effects include lowered seizure threshold, hypotension, hypothermia, and prolapsed third eyelid; can cause excitement in terriers; not recommended for boxers.
Butorphanol (Torbugesic)
- Dose for administration: 0.2 mg/kg; classified as a synthetic opioid and Class 4 controlled substance.
- Exhibits agonist activity at kappa receptors, and antagonist activity at mu receptors.
- Provides mild to moderate analgesia, beneficial for orchiectomies; administered via SQ, IM, IV, or PO with an onset of 15-20 minutes and duration of 60-90 minutes.
- Functions as a pre-anesthetic and antitussive cough suppressant; side effects can include transient sedation and ataxia.
- Reversal possible with naloxone as a pure antagonist.
Buprenorphine
- Administered at a dose of 0.015 mg/kg; classified as a synthetic opioid and Class 3 controlled substance.
- Acts as a partial agonist at mu and agonist at kappa receptors, effective for mild to moderate pain relief.
- Administration routes include IV, IM, SQ, and OTM; onset is 30-45 minutes with a duration of 6-12 hours based on route.
- Notably affected by the first pass effect, resulting in significant metabolism before reaching systemic circulation.
- Potential adverse effects include severe respiratory depression at high doses and hypotension; has a high affinity for mu receptors, complicating naloxone reversal.
Diazepam
- Dose is 0.5 mg/kg; classified as a benzodiazepine tranquilizer and Class 4 controlled substance.
- Mechanism of action involves binding to GABA receptors, enhancing CNS depression effects of GABA.
- Storage considerations: light-sensitive and not compatible with many water-soluble medications due to lipophilicity.
- Administered IV; painful if given IM; also available in oral and rectal forms.
- Provides calming, anti-anxiety effects, acts as a muscle relaxant and anticonvulsant; minimal analgesic effects; generally safe for older patients without liver or kidney disease.
General Notes
- Drugs mentioned are utilized in veterinary medicine primarily for sedation, analgesia, and muscle relaxation.
- Knowledge of the drug class, administration routes, potential side effects, and reversibility is crucial for safe and effective use in clinical settings.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the pharmacological properties and dosages of Acepromazine and Butorphanol in veterinary practice. This quiz covers effective dosages, administration routes, effects, and adverse reactions, ensuring you understand these medications thoroughly for animal care.
