Veterinary Medicine: Cardiology and Blood Analysis

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Questions and Answers

What condition is NOT typically associated with Strongylus vulgaris infection?

  • Leukopenia
  • Elevated iron concentrations (correct)
  • Hyperemic mucus membranes
  • Fever

What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system (CV)?

  • Producing hormones
  • Transporting nutrients (correct)
  • Digesting food
  • Regulating body temperature

Which component is NOT part of the composition of blood?

  • Nerve cells (correct)
  • Erythrocytes
  • Leukocytes
  • Plasma

What equation represents cardiac output (CO)?

<p>HR X SV (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which heart chamber is responsible for receiving oxygen-rich blood from the lungs?

<p>Left atrium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Strongylus vulgaris symptoms

Common symptoms include fever, hyperemic mucus membranes, and elevated heart rate.

Cardiovascular system function

Main functions include transport of nutrients, oxygen, and waste products.

Components of blood

Blood consists of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and plasma.

Cardiac output formula

Cardiac output (CO) is calculated by heart rate (HR) multiplied by stroke volume (SV).

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Autorhythmic cells

Special cardiac cells that generate electrical impulses for heart contractions.

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Study Notes

Strongylus vulgaris Symptoms

  • Fever
  • Hyperemic (reddened) mucus membranes
  • Elevated heart rate
  • Decreased iron concentrations
  • Leukopenia (low white blood cell count)

Cardiovascular System Overview

  • Main Functions: (Specific functions not listed, only a placeholder for further information)
  • Functional Anatomy: Further details on the anatomy not provided
  • Regulatory Factors: (Details on factors regulating the cardiovascular system not provided, only placeholder for further information)
  • Species Differences: (Details on species differences not provided, only placeholder for further information to come)

Blood Composition

  • Erythrocytes: Small cells, varying in size based on species. (7.5 μm diameter and 2.0 μm thick at the rim is an example, not universal). Canine and parrot examples illustrated.
  • Leukocytes: (No specific details about leukocytes provided).

Blood Vessels

  • Blood Vessels (No details provided further)

Internal Anatomy of the Heart

  • Labels of the heart parts are shown: Aorta, Left pulmonary artery, Left atrium, Left ventricle, Interventricular septum, Superior vena cava, Pulmonary trunk, Right atrium, Right ventricle, Inferior vena cava
  • Focus on anterior view (front of heart)
  • (No detailed notes provided.)

Cardiomyocytes

  • Contractile Cardiac Myocytes: Description of cardiac muscle cells focused
  • Autorhythmic Cells: Intrinsic conduction system, further investigation needed

Electrocardiography

  • (No further details on ECG provided).

Regulation of Cardiac Output

  • Cardiac Output (CO): Volume of blood pumped by each ventricle per minute.
  • Formula: CO = Heart Rate (HR) x Stroke Volume (SV)

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