Veterinary Anesthesia Concepts

False (B)

Sterile catheter injected into peripheral artery

<p>90</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Doppler = Predicts MAP better for blood pressure readings Oscillometric BP = Reads systolic, diastolic, and MAP ETCO2 = Measures inspired and expired CO2 Capnography = Non-invasive monitoring of ventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cyanide poisoning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>60-100 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>E cylinder (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To absorb nitrogen and increase oxygen concentration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>high</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Purple (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Turn off O2 flow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Local anesthesia causes loss of sensation in a specific area. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>vapors</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Isoflurane = Purple Sevoflurane = Yellow</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The study of what the body does to drugs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>300 ml/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>neuroleptanalgesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Local Anesthesia = Loss of sensation in a specific area Analgesia = Absence of sensitivity to pain Sedation = Depression of the CNS while awake Tranquilization = Relaxation while aware of surroundings</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Signalment, history, labwork, temperament (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>right</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent accidental occlusion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>22 ml/kg/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>laryngoscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stage I = Voluntary movement post drug administration Stage II = Delirium with involuntary movement Stage III Plane I = Light anesthesia with some eye movement Stage IV = Extreme CNS depression and risk of death</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Physical status of the patient (B), Ketamine use (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stage IV</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>dead</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Murphy tube (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>500 psi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>BW (kg) x tidal volume (mL/kg) x 5</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rebreathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>More resistance for smaller patients (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Passive = Replaced after 50g in weight Active = Utilizes central vacuum collection Both = Keeps anesthetic agents below 2ppm</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rebreathing and Non-rebreathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>APL</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Environmental pollution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>pop-off occlusion valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both A and B (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excessive fresh gas flow (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>300 ml/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>30</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To change liquid anesthetic agent into vapor in a controlled manner.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Strong palpebral reflex (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure adequate blood flow and ventilation, and to create a legal record of the patient's condition during anesthesia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>esophageal</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Doppler = Measures systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressure Oscillometric = Measures only systolic arterial pressure Pulse Oximetry = Indirect measurement of % O2 saturation of hemoglobin + HR Esophageal Stethoscope = Passed to the level of the heart to auscultate heart and lung sounds Rectal Thermometer = Used to measure body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Noninvasive blood pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The placement of the probe, and the presence of excessive hair or movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>adequate depth</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypothermia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cyanide poisoning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>90-120</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>increased</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyperventilation, hypothermia, and airway obstruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Recent consumption of a large meal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypertension (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>H's</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>PaO2 = &gt; 95% ETCO2 = 35-45 mmHg MAP (dogs) = 60-100 mmHg SAP = 90-120 mmHg RR = 10-20 bpm Temp = 98-102.5 °F HR (dogs) = 50-160 bpm</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Radiation, Convection, Conduction, and Evaporation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Radiation and Convection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Insensibility; loss of sensation in a body part or the whole body.

Absence of sensitivity to pain; not feeling pain anymore.

Depression of the CNS; the patient is calm but not fully unconscious.

Relaxing the patient while they remain aware of surroundings.

Combination of a sedative/tranquilizer and an opioid for pre-medication.

Study of what the body does to drugs; includes metabolism and half-lives.

Study of what drugs do to the body; important for anesthesiologists.

Assessment prior to anesthesia; includes history, exams, and diagnostics.

The relationship P1/V1 = P2/V2 in gases, describing pressure and volume changes.

Change oxygen cylinder when pressure drops below 500 psi.

Using a reservoir bag, squeeze and occlude APL valve for ventilation.

BW (kg) x tidal volume (mL/kg) x 5 for ventilation needs.

Circle system preventing CO2 rebreathing with chemical absorption canisters.

Preferred for small pets, less resistance, but higher oxygen flow rates.

Types of breathing systems; Mapleson D is common with bain circuits.

Uses charcoal to absorb anesthetic gases, effective but limited in flow rates.

Central vacuum collects waste gases, more effective but costly.

Improper checks may cause environmental pollution and patient hypoxemia.

A commonly used cylinder for storing oxygen, made of steel or aluminum.

Large containers used for consistent O2 supply at facilities, resembling a big thermos.

A device that increases oxygen concentration by absorbing nitrogen from the air.

Devices that convert liquid anesthetic into vapor; have varying colors for different agents.

A valve that should always be kept open to allow excess oxygen to escape during usage.

A process to perform a pressure check on anesthesia machines to ensure no leaks.

A valve that must be closed during leak tests, otherwise remains open for normal operation.

Setting that controls the amount of anesthetic vapor; too high can be harmful.

Calculating the remaining oxygen in a cylinder, based on psi and flow rate.

Monitoring pressure gauge during a leak test to check for drops in pressure.

A measurement of CO2 levels in exhaled air, indicating ventilation status.

Reduced breathing rate leading to increased ETCO2 levels.

Increased breathing rate resulting in decreased ETCO2 levels.

Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) should exceed 60 mmHg for adequate blood flow.

A method to measure blood pressure, particularly predicting MAP.

The gold standard for measuring blood pressure via a catheter in an artery.

The monitoring of the concentration of CO2 in exhaled air.

A tube inserted into the trachea to maintain an open airway and deliver anesthetic gases.

An oval hole in the Murphy endotracheal tube to prevent occlusion.

Areas in the respiratory system where gas exchange does not occur.

Method to inflate the ETT cuff to prevent gas escape during ventilation.

Beginning flow rate is 44 ml/kg/min, then 22 ml/kg/min during maintenance.

A reflex test used during anesthesia to assess consciousness; gentle touch near eye.

Progression from light sedation (Stage I) to overdose (Stage IV).

Stage III of anesthesia where surgeries are performed, with controlled reflexes.

Medications like Ketamine or Propofol affect responsiveness and pain perception.

Open oxygen cylinder valves slowly to prevent explosions.

Big containers for liquid oxygen; used in larger facilities.

Increases oxygen concentration by absorbing nitrogen from air.

Changes liquid anesthetics to vapor for controlled delivery.

Closing this valve can cause lung damage due to pressure buildup.

Different anesthetics are identified by specific colors: iso = purple, sevo = yellow.

Calculate remaining oxygen by using psi and flow rate figures.

Always check O2 cylinder pressure, replace < 500 psi.

Formula: BW (kg) x tidal volume (mL/kg) x 5.

Squeeze reservoir bag and occlude APL valve for ventilation.

Lower O2 flow rates and easier setup with CO2 absorption.

Less resistance, little dead space, fewer components for smaller pets.

Passive (charcoal absorption) or Active (vacuum collection) systems.

More effective in removing anesthetic gases but expensive.

Low flow rates, environmental impact, replace after 50g.

Cylinder E is 660L and 2200 psi for oxygen storage.

Initial tidal volume is 10 mL/kg for manual ventilation.

A scale analyzing EEG values to monitor anesthesia depth, ranging from 0 (flat) to 100 (awake).

Essential for ensuring blood flow, ventilation, and tracking anesthetic events.

Ventral medial eye position indicates a certain depth of anesthesia and muscle relaxation.

Noninvasive method to measure oxygen saturation of hemoglobin and heart rate.

Methods like Doppler or oscillometric to measure arterial pressure without invasive techniques.

A device passed to the heart's level to auscultate heart sounds during anesthesia.

Crucial for tracking body temperature, often measured via the esophagus or rectum.

Average arterial pressure in a patient's body, crucial for adequate blood flow.

A technique used to predict systolic arterial pressure through oscillations in the arterial wall.

An electrocardiogram measures the electrical activity of the heart, indicating its function.

The P wave on ECG represents atrial depolarization, the initial electrical activity of the heart's contraction.

Heat loss occurs through radiation, convection, conduction, and evaporation; radiation and convection are most significant.

Hypothermia during anesthesia can cause decreased respiratory rate, renal dysfunction, and hypokalemia.

The four most common complications during anesthesia are hypothermia, hypoxemia, hypotension, and hypoventilation.

Hyperthermia occurs when the body's temperature regulation fails, leading to potentially dangerous conditions.

Indicates hypoventilation, which can occur during conditions like malignant hyperthermia.

Indicates hyperventilation, possible causes include hypothermia or airway obstruction.

Often identified by fluctuations in ETCO2 during anesthesia monitoring.