30 Questions
Which of the following is a characteristic of striated (skeletal) muscle tissue?
Composed of long, spindle-like cells, each containing a single nucleus
Which statement about muscle tissue is true?
Skeletal muscle fibers are under voluntary control
If a tissue has striations and several flattened peripheral nuclei per fiber, then that tissue could be
Cardiac muscle
Cylindrical muscle cells that contain multiple nuclei located peripherally within the cell would be
Skeletal muscle cells only
The ability of a muscle to stretch without being damaged is known as
Extensibility
What is a tendon composed of?
Epimysium
The sarcolemma is responsible for
Regulating the passage of substances into and out of the muscle fiber
What is the role of acetylcholine (ACh) in skeletal muscle contractions?
Bind to specific receptors on the sarcolemma to open sodium ion channels.
What happens during the latent period of a muscle contraction?
Calcium ions are beginning to enter the sarcoplasm from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
What is the function of myoglobin?
Bind oxygen for aerobic respiration.
Why are skeletal muscle fibers multinucleate?
The fibers formed from the fusion of many smaller cells during embryonic development.
Where is myosin seen?
Thick filaments.
How is glucose stored in muscle cells?
Glycogen.
What structures meet at the neuromuscular junction?
An axon and the sarcolemma.
What is the Sliding Filament Theory of muscle contraction?
Thin filaments are pulled toward the center of the sarcomere by swiveling of the myosin heads.
What is fused tetanus in terms of muscle contraction?
A sustained contraction in which individual twitches cannot be discerned.
What is a motor unit?
A motor neuron plus all the skeletal muscle fibers it stimulates.
What is the refractory period in muscle physiology?
Following a stimulus during which a muscle cell cannot respond to another stimulus.
What is the gap between a motor neuron and a muscle cell called?
Synaptic cleft
What is the inability of a muscle to contract forcefully after prolonged activity called?
Muscle fatigue
What is the oxygen-binding protein in skeletal muscle cells?
Myoglobin
What is the region of a sarcolemma adjacent to the axon terminals at a neuromuscular junction called?
Motor end plate
What structures in smooth muscle fibers are functionally analogous to the Z discs of skeletal muscle fibers?
Dense bodies
What is the time between the application of a stimulus and the beginning of contraction called?
Latent period
What is the time following a stimulus during which a muscle cell is unable to respond to another stimulus called?
Refractory period
What does involuntary inactivation of a small number of motor units cause, giving relaxed skeletal muscle a firmness?
Muscle tone
Which type of muscle tissue includes both A and B?
Both A and B
Which one of these structures is functionally analogous to Z discs in smooth muscle fibers?
Dense bodies
The inability of a muscle to contract forcefully after prolonged activity is called _____.
Muscle fatigue
The time between the application of a stimulus and the beginning of contraction, when calcium ions are being released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, is called the _____ period.
Latent period
Test your knowledge of vertebrate anatomy and physiology with this lecture exam, covering topics such as striated muscle tissue and muscle fiber characteristics.
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