97 Questions
Which type of inflammation is most commonly associated with vasculitis?
Unknown/immune-mediated inflammation
What are the common symptoms of vasculitis?
Fever, myalgias, arthralgias, and malaise
Which arteries are commonly affected by Giant Cell Arteritis?
Aorta, carotids, temporal, ophthalmic arteries
What is the typical age of onset for Giant Cell Arteritis?
70 years and above
What is the characteristic microscopic pathology of Giant Cell Arteritis?
Mononuclear cell infiltration along the vessel wall
What is the main feature observed in the healed phase of Giant Cell Arteritis?
Medial attenuation and scarring
How is Giant Cell Arteritis diagnosed?
By performing a biopsy
Which symptoms are commonly associated with Giant cell arteritis?
Fever and weight loss
What is the most common ocular symptom in patients with Giant cell arteritis?
Double vision
What is the response to treatment with steroids or anti-TNF therapy in patients with Giant cell arteritis?
Dramatic response
What is the characteristic gross pathology of Giant cell arteritis?
Arterial thickening
What is the characteristic microscopic pathology of Giant cell arteritis?
Granulomatous inflammation
What is observed in the healed phase of Giant cell arteritis?
Medial attenuation and scarring
Which condition is commonly associated with Giant cell arteritis?
Polymyalgia rheumatica
Which genetic variant is commonly associated with Giant cell arteritis?
HLA-DRB1*04
What are the clinical features commonly observed in Giant cell arteritis?
Headache
Which gender is primarily affected by Takayasu Arteritis?
Females
What is the age group commonly affected by Takayasu Arteritis?
Females younger than 40
Which arteries are primarily involved in Takayasu Arteritis?
Aorta and major elastic arteries
What is the main consequence of vessel wall destruction in Takayasu Arteritis?
Aneurysm formation
Which symptom is commonly observed in Takayasu Arteritis?
Ocular disturbances
What is the characteristic gross pathology of Takayasu Arteritis?
Intimal wrinkling ('tree barking')
Which phase of Takayasu Arteritis is characterized by infiltration of media by lymphocytes, macrophages, and giant cells?
Granulomatous phase
What is the main distinction between Takayasu Arteritis and Giant Cell Arteritis?
Age of onset
Which artery is primarily involved in Takayasu Arteritis?
Aorta
Which symptom is commonly observed in Takayasu Arteritis?
Loss of pulses in upper extremities
Which phase of Takayasu Arteritis is characterized by transmural fibrous thickening that obliterates the lumen?
Chronic phase
What is the main consequence of vessel wall destruction in Takayasu Arteritis?
Disappearance of elastic tissue
What is observed in the microscopic pathology of Takayasu Arteritis during the acute inflammatory phase?
Neutrophils with necrosis in the media
Which disease is also known as 'Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome'?
Kawasaki Disease
What percentage of Kawasaki Disease cases present with clinical features?
80%
Which age group is commonly affected by Kawasaki Disease?
Infants
Which is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children in Japan and North America?
Kawasaki Disease
Which symptom is commonly observed in Kawasaki Disease?
All of the above
What is the pathology of Kawasaki Disease?
All of the above
What percentage of Kawasaki Disease cases develop coronary aneurysm?
20%
Which symptom is commonly observed in Kawasaki Disease?
Enlarged lymph nodes
What is a characteristic skin change observed in Kawasaki Disease?
Edema of the hands and feet
What happens during the healing phase of Kawasaki Disease?
Intimal fibrosis with narrowing
Which gender is primarily affected by Thromboangiitis Obliterans (Buerger Disease)?
Males
Which blood vessels are primarily affected by Thromboangiitis Obliterans (Buerger Disease)?
A and B only
Which arteries are specifically affected by Thromboangiitis Obliterans (Buerger Disease)?
Tibial and radial arteries
What is the characteristic skin change observed in Thromboangiitis Obliterans (Buerger Disease)?
Gangrene
What is the characteristic pathology observed in thromboangiitis obliterans?
Segmental acute and chronic inflammation of all vessel layers
Which type of vasculitis is typically ANCA positive and lacks abundant immune complex deposition?
Pauci-immune small vessel vasculitis
Which type of vasculitis is typically ANCA negative but shows the presence of immune complex deposition?
Innume complex small vessel vasculitis
Which genetic haplotypes are linked to thromboangiitis obliterans?
HLA-A9 and HLA-B5
Which type of vasculitis is commonly associated with pauci-immune small vessel vasculitis?
Microscopic polyangiitis
Which of the following is the primary etiology of thromboangiitis obliterans?
Hypersensitivity to tobacco antigens
What is the characteristic pathology observed in granulomatosis with polyangiitis?
Granulomatous inflammation of vessels of any size, mainly small
What is the determining factor for the chronicity/recurrence of immune-complex small vessel vasculitis?
Source of immune complex
Which ANCA diffuse, finely granular staining of the cytoplasm and are associated with granulomatosis with polyangiitis?
PR3-ANCA
What is the principal antigen associated with PR3-ANCA?
Proteinase 3
Which type of vasculitis is associated with MPO-ANCA?
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis
Which disease is formerly known as Wegener Granulomatosis?
Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
What is the characteristic triad of Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis?
Necrotizing or granulomatous vasculitis, necrotizing granulomas, crescentic glomerulonephritis
What is another name for Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis?
Churg-Strauss syndrome
Which type of vasculitis is associated with high levels of eosinophils on white blood cell count?
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis
Which type of vasculitis is typically associated with c-ANCA?
Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
Which organ is predominantly affected by Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis?
Lung and upper airways
Which organ is not affected by Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis?
Upper respiratory tract
Which type of antibodies are directed against neutrophil cytoplasmic antigens?
ANCAs
Which type of ANCAs is associated with Granulomatosis with polyangiitis?
PR3-ANCA (c-ANCA)
What is the principal antigen targeted by PR3-ANCA (c-ANCA)?
Proteinase 3
Which type of ANCAs is associated with Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA)?
MPO-ANCA (p-ANCA)
What is the principal antigen targeted by MPO-ANCA (p-ANCA)?
Myeloperoxidase
What is the average age of onset for Granulomatosis with polyangiitis?
40 years
Which stage of Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis is characterized by high levels of eosinophils on white blood cell count?
Eosinophilic stage
Which type of vasculitis is typically associated with c-ANCA?
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
Which stage of Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis is characterized by high levels of eosinophils on white blood cell count?
Eosinophilic stage
Which organ is commonly affected by Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis?
Lungs
Which stage of Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis is characterized by end organ damage?
Vasculitis stage
Which vasculitis is characterized by clinical and histopathologic features similar to Granulomatosis with polyangiitis, but with less frequent upper respiratory tract involvement and no nodular/cavitary lesions?
Microscopic Polyangiitis
Which serology is most commonly associated with Microscopic Polyangiitis?
MPO-ANCA (p-ANCA)
Which organ is primarily affected in Microscopic Polyangiitis?
All of the below
Which type of vasculitis is not associated with ANCA?
Polyarteritis nodosa
Which infection is commonly associated with Microscopic Polyangiitis?
Hepatitis B
Which age group is most commonly affected by Microscopic Polyangiitis?
Adults
Which gender is more commonly affected by Microscopic Polyangiitis?
Males
Which organ involvement is not observed in Microscopic Polyangiitis?
Nasopharynx
Which type of vasculitis is sometimes called secondary PAN and can be associated with leukemias/lymphomas?
Polyarteritis nodosa
Which type of arteries are typically affected in Microscopic Polyangiitis?
Medium to small sized arteries
Which type of inflammation is observed in Microscopic Polyangiitis?
Neutrophilic inflammation
What is the principal antigen targeted by MPO-ANCA in Microscopic Polyangiitis?
MPO
What is the characteristic microscopic pathology observed in Microscopic Polyangiitis?
Fibrinoid necrosis
Which of the following is a benign vascular tumor?
Lymphangioma
Which type of tumor is characterized by proliferation of spindle cells with hyaline globules and plump endothelial cells?
Kaposi Sarcoma
Which type of tumor is most commonly associated with AIDS?
Kaposi Sarcoma
Which type of tumor may be induced by radiation and commonly arises with long-standing lymphedema?
Angiosarcoma
Which type of tumor is associated with exposure to arsenic compound, thorotrast, or polyvinyl chloride (PVC)?
Angiosarcoma
Which virus is associated with Kaposi Sarcoma?
Human herpes virus 8
Which type of vascular tumor is characterized by chronic asymptomatic and localized lymphadenopathy, and poor prognosis?
Kaposi Sarcoma
Which type of vascular tumor is characterized by red nodules and ulceration?
Angiosarcoma
Which type of vascular tumor is most commonly found in the skin, liver, breast, and soft tissue?
Angiosarcoma
Which type of vascular tumor is characterized by red nodules and ulceration?
Angiosarcoma
What is the classification of Kaposi Sarcoma?
Cure
Which type of vascular tumor is a malignant tumor of endothelial cells?
Angiosarcoma
Test your knowledge of vasculitis, a condition characterized by inflammation of the blood vessel walls. Learn about the primary forms, symptoms, and potential causes of this condition through this informative quiz.
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