USMLE Practice: Environmental Influence on Physiological Indices

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Questions and Answers

What is the physiological response to arterial hypoxia at high altitudes?

  • Increased renal bicarbonate (HCO3-) excretion (correct)
  • Decreased respiratory rate
  • Decreased erythropoietin production
  • Decreased mitochondrial density in a muscle biopsy

Which of the following indices would be expected to be higher in the man living at sea level?

  • Mitochondrial density in a muscle biopsy
  • Renal bicarbonate (HCO3-) excretion
  • Diameter of pulmonary vessels (correct)
  • Erythropoietin production

What causes an increase in hematocrit in people living at high altitude?

  • Increased respiratory rate
  • Increased mitochondrial density in a muscle biopsy (correct)
  • Decreased erythropoietin production
  • Increased renal bicarbonate (HCO3-) excretion

What is the effect of chronic exposure to hypoxemia caused by living at high altitude on mitochondrial density?

<p>Increases mitochondrial density (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of living at high altitude on pulmonary vessels?

<p>Pulmonary vasoconstriction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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