US History Midterm Exam 2024 Study Guide

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Questions and Answers

What was one significant impact of industrialization on American society?

  • Decreased availability of goods
  • Increased agricultural employment
  • Stagnation of technological innovations
  • Growth of urbanization (correct)

What was the primary role of labor unions in the late 1800s?

  • To decrease the number of immigrants in the workforce
  • To protect workers' rights and negotiate better conditions (correct)
  • To promote governmental policies
  • To support industrialists and big corporations

What was the primary purpose of the Chinese Exclusion Act?

  • To establish trade agreements with China
  • To provide citizenship rights to Chinese immigrants
  • To encourage Chinese immigration for labor demands
  • To prevent Chinese individuals from entering the US (correct)

How did laissez-faire economics influence American development?

<p>It allowed businesses to operate with minimal government interference (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Hull House in US history?

<p>It served as a model for settlement houses to support immigrants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor was NOT a push factor for immigration to the US?

<p>Job opportunities in the US (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one major characteristic of tenement homes?

<p>They often lacked proper ventilation and sanitation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What led to the establishment of political machines in urban areas?

<p>High levels of immigration and poor urban conditions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a colony from a protectorate?

<p>A colony has no sovereignty, while a protectorate maintains some local governance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What triggered the Pullman Strike and why was it significant?

<p>A wage cut for workers, illustrating labor issues in the US (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Industrialization

The process by which a country develops industrial capacity, marked by the rise of factories, mass production, and technological innovations.

Laissez-faire economics

A belief that the government should not interfere in the economy, allowing businesses to operate freely with minimal regulation.

Labor unions

Organizations formed by workers to improve working conditions through collective bargaining, strikes, and other actions.

Homestead Strike

A major strike in Pennsylvania in 1892, marked by violence and the use of private security forces, highlighting tensions between workers and industrialists.

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Haymarket Square Riot

A violent protest in Chicago in 1886, stemming from a labor demonstration, resulting in deaths and increased public fear of unions.

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Pullman Strike

A nationwide strike in 1894, led by the American Railway Union, protesting wage cuts and highlighting the power of labor movements.

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Expansion of the railroad system

The expansion of the railroad system throughout the US, connecting cities and facilitating commerce, playing a pivotal role in economic growth and westward expansion.

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Imperialism

The practice of a country extending its power and influence over other countries, often through colonization, trade, or military force.

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Motives for American Imperialism

The desire to expand US influence and presence in the world, driven by economic, strategic, and nationalistic motives, shaping American foreign policy in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

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Annexation of Hawaii

The annexation of Hawaii in 1898, involving the overthrow of Queen Liliuokalani and the establishment of US control over the islands, marking a key moment in American expansion.

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Study Notes

US History Midterm Exam, 2024 Study Guide

  • Industrialization in the US (1877-1900):

    • Factors that led to industrialization in the US
    • Impacts of industrialization on American society (both positive & negative)
    • Expansion of railroads: process, influence on development
    • Laissez-faire economics: definition & impact on the US
    • Changing role of the federal government in the 1800's
  • Industrialists and their Impacts:

    • John D. Rockefeller: influence and impact on America
    • Andrew Carnegie: contributions and impact on America
    • Corporations and trusts: characteristics & impact
  • Labor and Societal Issues:

    • Labor unions: formation, purpose, and importance
    • Homestead Strike, Haymarket Square Riot, Pullman Strike: significance of events
    • Major unions of the late 1800s: unique functions
  • Immigration:

    • Push and pull factors of immigration to the US
    • Old vs. New Immigrants: differences in treatment
    • Angel and Ellis Islands: comparison and differences
    • Chinese Exclusion Act: impact on society
    • National Origins Act: rationale & implementation
    • Ethnic cities: reasons for development, difficulties
    • Americanization: positive/negative factors of assimilation process
    • Nativism: definition, causes, and examples
  • Urbanization:

    • Tenement homes: characteristics and inhabitants
    • Political machines: control over urban areas
    • Settlement houses: role and importance, especially Hull House
  • Imperialism:

    • Definition of imperialism: characteristics and various forms
    • Motives for American imperialism
    • Colony vs. Protectorate: differences
    • Alfred Thayer Mahan: role in US imperialism
    • Treaty of Kanagawa: significance and importance
    • Annexation of Hawaii: process, consequences, causes of Spanish-American War
    • Spanish-American War: various factors contributing to the war

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