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Questions and Answers
Which anatomic derangement can predispose patients to stone formation?
Which medication can cause stones in some patients?
What are the signs and symptoms of stones in the urinary system?
What happens when stones block the flow of urine?
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What symptoms are associated with stones in the renal pelvis?
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What are the symptoms of renal colic?
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What symptoms are caused by renointestinal reflexes and the anatomical proximity of kidneys?
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What are the symptoms of ureteral obstruction?
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What substance mediates colic and increases ureteral contractility and renal blood flow?
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What is the usual size limit for a patient to pass a kidney stone?
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Urolithiasis refers to stones in the
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What is the prevalence of renal calculi in males?
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What is the prevalence of renal calculi in females?
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Are rates of renal calculi increasing among women?
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What factors favor the formation of stones in the urinary tract?
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What are the different substances that can form stones in the urinary tract?
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What are the common sites of calculi formation in the urinary tract?
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What are the causes of hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria?
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What percentage of stones in men are uric acid stones?
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What percentage of stones in women are struvite stones?
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What are the predisposing factors for struvite stones?
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