Urolithiasis and Nephrolithiasis Quiz
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Urolithiasis and Nephrolithiasis Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which demographic group is more commonly affected by urinary stones?

  • Both men and women equally
  • The text does not provide enough information
  • Men (correct)
  • Women

    • What is the prevalence of renal calculi in females?

  • 10.6%
  • 7.1% (correct)
  • 1.3 to 1
  • The text does not provide enough information

    • Where can stones develop in the urinary tract?

  • Bladder only
  • Both kidneys and bladder (correct)
  • The text does not provide enough information
  • Kidney only

    • What factors favor the formation of stones in the urinary tract?

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What substances can increase the risk of stone formation in the urinary tract?

    <p>Calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, and uric acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common type of stone in the urinary tract?

    <p>Calcium-based stones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can promote the precipitation of calcium and formation of stones in the urinary tract?

    <p>Increased calcium concentrations in the blood and urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition can cause hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria?

    <p>Hyperparathyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which demographic group is experiencing increasing rates of renal calculi?

    <p>Women</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the male-to-female ratio of affected individuals with renal calculi?

    <p>1.3 to 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following tests may be part of the diagnostic workup for renal calculi?

    <p>24-hour urine test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can stone analysis determine?

    <p>The underlying disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of stone suggests a disturbance in uric acid metabolism?

    <p>Urate stones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate stones usually indicate?

    <p>Disorders of calcium metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of obtaining dietary and medication histories and family history of renal calculi?

    <p>To identify factors predisposing the patient to the formation of stones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a test mentioned in the text for the measurement of renal calculi?

    <p>Potassium measurement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can blood chemistries and a 24-hour urine test measure in the diagnostic workup for renal calculi?

    <p>Calcium and uric acid levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of carrying out chemical analysis on recovered stones?

    <p>To determine the composition of the stones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following disorders do urate stones suggest?

    <p>Disorders of uric acid metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can stone analysis provide a clear indication of?

    <p>The underlying disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of stones account for 72% of stones in men?

    <p>Uric acid stones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common type of stones diagnosed in women?

    <p>Struvite stones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the predisposing factors for struvite stones?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which conditions can predispose patients to stone formation?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medications are known to cause stones in some patients?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the clinical manifestations of stones in the urinary system?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the pain typically felt when stones are lodged in the renal pelvis?

    <p>Costovertebral region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe acute, excruciating, colicky pain caused by stones lodged in the ureter?

    <p>Ureteral colic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size limit for stones that a patient is typically able to pass spontaneously?

    <p>0.5 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the diagnosis of urinary stones confirmed?

    <p>Noncontrast CT scan</p> Signup and view all the answers

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