Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following organisms is the most common cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in women and the elderly?
Which of the following organisms is the most common cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in women and the elderly?
- Escherichia coli (correct)
- Candida albicans
- Klebsiella pneumoniae
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Which diagnostic test is most commonly used to confirm a UTI?
Which diagnostic test is most commonly used to confirm a UTI?
- Urinalysis with culture (correct)
- Cystoscopy
- Kidney ultrasound
- Complete blood count (CBC)
Which of the following is a key indicator of pyelonephritis rather than simple cystitis?
Which of the following is a key indicator of pyelonephritis rather than simple cystitis?
- Costovertebral angle tenderness (correct)
- Cloudy urine
- Hematuria
- Dysuria
Which condition is a severe systemic complication of untreated UTI?
Which condition is a severe systemic complication of untreated UTI?
A patient with a UTI is prescribed ciprofloxacin. Which instruction should the nurse give the patient?
A patient with a UTI is prescribed ciprofloxacin. Which instruction should the nurse give the patient?
Which of the following is the most effective way to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs)?
Which of the following is the most effective way to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs)?
A nurse is caring for a patient with recurrent UTIs. Which factor is the most likely contributing cause?
A nurse is caring for a patient with recurrent UTIs. Which factor is the most likely contributing cause?
A male patient presents with dysuria and urinary urgency. The provider suspects prostatitis rather than cystitis. What finding supports this diagnosis?
A male patient presents with dysuria and urinary urgency. The provider suspects prostatitis rather than cystitis. What finding supports this diagnosis?
Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize for a patient with urosepsis?
Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize for a patient with urosepsis?
A nurse is teaching a postmenopausal woman with recurrent UTIs about prevention. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding?
A nurse is teaching a postmenopausal woman with recurrent UTIs about prevention. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding?
Which of the following are risk factors for UTIs? (Select all that apply.)
Which of the following are risk factors for UTIs? (Select all that apply.)
A nurse is caring for a patient with a Foley catheter. Which interventions help prevent CAUTI? (Select all that apply.)
A nurse is caring for a patient with a Foley catheter. Which interventions help prevent CAUTI? (Select all that apply.)
Which of the following symptoms are characteristic of pyelonephritis? (Select all that apply.)
Which of the following symptoms are characteristic of pyelonephritis? (Select all that apply.)
A patient with a history of frequent UTIs is prescribed nitrofurantoin. Which statement by the patient indicates the need for further teaching?
A patient with a history of frequent UTIs is prescribed nitrofurantoin. Which statement by the patient indicates the need for further teaching?
A nurse is evaluating a patient's urinalysis results. Which of the following findings is most indicative of a UTI?
A nurse is evaluating a patient's urinalysis results. Which of the following findings is most indicative of a UTI?
Which of the following patients is at highest risk for developing a catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI)?
Which of the following patients is at highest risk for developing a catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI)?
A nurse is providing education on preventing UTIs. Which statement indicates the patient understands the teaching?
A nurse is providing education on preventing UTIs. Which statement indicates the patient understands the teaching?
A nurse is reviewing the medication list for a patient being treated for a UTI. Which medication should prompt the nurse to question the provider?
A nurse is reviewing the medication list for a patient being treated for a UTI. Which medication should prompt the nurse to question the provider?
A pregnant patient presents with asymptomatic bacteriuria. What is the priority action by the nurse?
A pregnant patient presents with asymptomatic bacteriuria. What is the priority action by the nurse?
A nurse is caring for an elderly patient with a suspected UTI. Which symptom is most concerning in this population?
A nurse is caring for an elderly patient with a suspected UTI. Which symptom is most concerning in this population?
A patient with recurrent UTIs is being discharged with a prescription for prophylactic antibiotics. Which patient statement requires further teaching?
A patient with recurrent UTIs is being discharged with a prescription for prophylactic antibiotics. Which patient statement requires further teaching?
A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with a UTI. Which of the following interventions should be implemented? (Select all that apply.)
A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with a UTI. Which of the following interventions should be implemented? (Select all that apply.)
Which of the following symptoms are commonly associated with UTIs in women? (Select all that apply.)
Which of the following symptoms are commonly associated with UTIs in women? (Select all that apply.)
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a patient with a history of UTIs. Which statements should be included? (Select all that apply.)
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a patient with a history of UTIs. Which statements should be included? (Select all that apply.)
Which of the following factors contribute to UTIs in older adults? (Select all that apply.)
Which of the following factors contribute to UTIs in older adults? (Select all that apply.)
A nurse is assessing a patient with suspected pyelonephritis. Which findings would support this diagnosis? (Select all that apply.)
A nurse is assessing a patient with suspected pyelonephritis. Which findings would support this diagnosis? (Select all that apply.)
A nurse is educating a patient on ways to prevent UTIs. Which recommendations should be included? (Select all that apply.)
A nurse is educating a patient on ways to prevent UTIs. Which recommendations should be included? (Select all that apply.)
A nurse is reviewing a patient's medical history. Which factor places the patient at the highest risk for developing a UTI?
A nurse is reviewing a patient's medical history. Which factor places the patient at the highest risk for developing a UTI?
A patient is prescribed phenazopyridine for UTI symptom relief. Which statement by the patient requires further teaching?
A patient is prescribed phenazopyridine for UTI symptom relief. Which statement by the patient requires further teaching?
A patient is being discharged with instructions on preventing recurrent UTIs. Which dietary recommendation should the nurse include?
A patient is being discharged with instructions on preventing recurrent UTIs. Which dietary recommendation should the nurse include?
A patient presents with fever, chills, and severe flank pain. The nurse suspects pyelonephritis. What is the priority nursing intervention?
A patient presents with fever, chills, and severe flank pain. The nurse suspects pyelonephritis. What is the priority nursing intervention?
A nurse is reviewing discharge instructions with a patient who has been prescribed trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for a UTI. Which statement indicates the patient needs further teaching?
A nurse is reviewing discharge instructions with a patient who has been prescribed trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for a UTI. Which statement indicates the patient needs further teaching?
A nurse is caring for a patient who has a urinary catheter in place. Which finding requires immediate intervention?
A nurse is caring for a patient who has a urinary catheter in place. Which finding requires immediate intervention?
A nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of patient teaching regarding UTI prevention. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding?
A nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of patient teaching regarding UTI prevention. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding?
Which of the following are clinical manifestations of a UTI? (Select all that apply.)
Which of the following are clinical manifestations of a UTI? (Select all that apply.)
Which of the following are appropriate nursing interventions for a patient with a UTI? (Select all that apply.)
Which of the following are appropriate nursing interventions for a patient with a UTI? (Select all that apply.)
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a postmenopausal woman with recurrent UTIs. Which recommendations should be included? (Select all that apply.)
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a postmenopausal woman with recurrent UTIs. Which recommendations should be included? (Select all that apply.)
Which patient is at the highest risk for developing a UTI? (Select all that apply.)
Which patient is at the highest risk for developing a UTI? (Select all that apply.)
A nurse is caring for a patient with a suspected UTI. Which laboratory findings would support this diagnosis? (Select all that apply.)
A nurse is caring for a patient with a suspected UTI. Which laboratory findings would support this diagnosis? (Select all that apply.)
Flashcards
Escherichia coli (E. coli)
Escherichia coli (E. coli)
Most common cause of UTIs, adheres to bladder wall.
Urinalysis with Culture
Urinalysis with Culture
Detects leukocyte esterase, nitrites, and WBCs; culture confirms pathogen.
Costovertebral Angle Tenderness
Costovertebral Angle Tenderness
Indicates pyelonephritis due to kidney involvement.
Urosepsis
Urosepsis
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Ciprofloxacin Instructions
Ciprofloxacin Instructions
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Prevent CAUTIs
Prevent CAUTIs
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Recurrent UTIs & Constipation
Recurrent UTIs & Constipation
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Prostatitis Diagnosis
Prostatitis Diagnosis
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Urosepsis Intervention
Urosepsis Intervention
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UTI Prevention Education
UTI Prevention Education
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UTI Risk Factors
UTI Risk Factors
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Preventing CAUTI
Preventing CAUTI
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Pyelonephritis Symptoms
Pyelonephritis Symptoms
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Nitrofurantoin
Nitrofurantoin
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UTI Urinalysis
UTI Urinalysis
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Study Notes
- Escherichia coli is the most common cause of UTIs in women and the elderly due to its ability to adhere to the bladder wall and cause infection.
- Urinalysis with culture is the most common diagnostic test to confirm a UTI.
- Urinalysis detects leukocyte esterase, nitrites, and white blood cells
- Urine culture confirms the causative pathogen.
- Costovertebral angle tenderness is a key indicator of pyelonephritis rather than simple cystitis
- Pyelonephritis involves the kidneys, often presenting with flank pain or costovertebral angle tenderness.
- Urosepsis is a severe systemic complication of untreated UTIs
- Untreated UTIs can lead to bacteremia, causing urosepsis, a life-threatening systemic infection.
- Ciprofloxacin increases photosensitivity, patients should avoid excessive sun exposure.
- Removing indwelling catheters as soon as possible is the most effective way to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs).
- Prolonged catheter use increases infection risk, early removal is key.
- Chronic constipation in a patient with recurrent UTIs is the most likely contributing cause because it can lead to incomplete bladder emptying, which increases the risk of bacterial overgrowth.
- Prostatitis presents with pelvic/perineal pain, fever, and urinary symptoms.
- Monitor blood pressure and urine output in a patient with urosepsis, as urosepsis can lead to septic shock while monitoring vital signs and renal perfusion is critical
- "Drinking plenty of fluids can help flush bacteria from my system" is an indication that a postmenopausal woman understands prevention of recurrent UTIs as adequate hydration promotes urinary tract flushing, reducing bacterial load.
- Diabetes, urinary stasis, pregnancy, and frequent catheterization increase UTI risk.
- Females have a higher risk of UTIs than males.
- Interventions to prevent CAUTI include hand hygiene, keeping the drainage bas below bladder level, aseptic technique during catheter insertion, and cleaning the perineal area
Pyelonephritis Symptoms
- Symptoms include fever, flank pain, CVA tenderness, and dysuria
- Suprapubic tenderness is more typical of cystitis.
- Brown-colored urine is a common, harmless result of nitrofurantoin.
- Nitrites and leukocyte esterase are the findings most indicative of a UTI on a urinalysis
- The presence of both strongly suggests a bacterial UTI.
- A patient with a Foley catheter in place for 5 days is at the highest risk for developing a catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI), as longer catheter use increases risk.
- Voiding before and after sexual intercourse helps flush out bacteria to reduce UTI risk
- Furosemide, a diuretic, does not treat UTIs and may cause dehydration, worsening the infection, so a nurse would question its prescription for a patient being treated for a UTI.
- Expect the provider to prescribe antibiotics for a pregnant patient with asymptomatic bacteriuria because it increases pyelonephritis and preterm labor risks.
- Older adults with UTIs often display confusion
- "I should stop taking the antibiotic when I feel better to prevent resistance" indicates a need for further teaching regarding antibiotics because stopping them can lead to incomplete treatment and antibiotic resistance.
- Interventions for a patient diagnosed with a UTI include increased fluid intake, prescribed antibiotics, monitoring for worsening, and perineal hygiene
- Encourage increased fluid intake
- Administer prescribed antibiotics
- Instruct to not delay urination when feeling the urge
- Monitor for signs of worsening infection
- Promote perineal hygiene
Common UTI Symptoms in Women
- Urgency
- Frequency
- Suprapubic pain
- Hematuria
- Discharge teaching should include:
- Drinking at least 8 glasses of water per day
- Urinating immediately after sexual intercourse
- Wiping from front to back after using the toilet
- Wearing cotton underwear instead of synthetic fabrics
Factors Contributing to UTIs in Older Adults
- Decreased immune function
- Urinary retention
- Incontinence
- Estrogen deficiency in postmenopausal women
Pyelonephritis Signs During Assessment
- Fever
- Chills
- Flank pain
- Costovertebral angle tenderness
- Educate on preventing UTIs:
- Avoid holding urine
- Drink cranberry juice regularly
- Void before AND after sexual activity
- History of kidney stones places a patient at the highest risk for developing a UTI
- Kidney stones can cause urinary stasis and obstruction, increasing bacterial overgrowth risk.
- "This medication will cure my UTI" requires further teaching when a patient is prescribed phenazopyridine because it is an analgesic that relieves dysuria and does not treat the underlying infection.
- Include drinking cranberry juice regularly in the dietary recommendations for a patient being discharged with instructions on preventing recurrent UTIs, as the juice contains compounds that prevent bacteria from attaching to the urinary lining
- Administering prescribed antibiotics is the priority if pyelonephritis is suspected because it is a serious infection requiring prompt antibiotic therapy.
- "I can stop taking the medication once my symptoms disappear" demonstrates the need for further teaching regarding trimethprim-sulfamethoxazole because stopping antibiotics can lead to incomplete treatment and antibiotic resistance.
- A break in the catheter tubing requires immediate intervention, as it increases the risk of bacterial entry
- "Drinking plenty of fluids can help prevent UTIs" indicates understanding because adequate hydration helps flush bacteria from the urinary tract
Clinical Manifestations of a UTI
- Dysuria
- Urgency
- Flank pain (with pyelonephritis)
- Cloudy Urine
- Teaching to wipe back to front increases risk of infection
Pyelonephritis Findings During Assessment
- High fever
- Chills
- Costovertebral angle tenderness
- Hypotension (severe cases due to sepsis)
- Recommendations for postmenopausal women with recurrent UTIs should include vaginal estrogen therapy if recommended, drinking at least 8 glasses of water daily, urinating immediately after sexual activity, and cranberry supplements if not contraindicated
Increased UTI Risk Factors Are
- Diabetes
- Frequent catheterization
- Menopause
- Pregnancy
- Running marathons is not a risk factor
Nursing Care for Suspected UTI Includes
- Positive nitrites, presence of leukocyte esterase, and elevated WBC count suggest infection
- High specific gravity and glucose in urine relate to dehydration and diabetes
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