Urinary tract infection

An uncomplicated urinary tract infection is a bacterial infection of the bladder and associated structures. Patient with uncomplicated UTIshave no structural abnormality of the urinary tract and no comorbidities, such as diabetes, an immunocompromised state, recent neurologic, surgery, or pregnancy. 

Treat with PO TMR-SMX ( timethprim / sulfamethoxazole) or fluoroquinolones for 3 days or nitrofurantoin for 5 days..

Ciprofloxacin 500 mg twice daily levofloxacin 500 mg once daily Gatifloxacin 400 mg once daily. All for 3 days if uncomplicated UTI

<p>Adults and children 12 years old of age and older : 100 mg every 12 hours for 5 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Any UTI in immunocompromised patients , males , pregnant patients , and those with urinary obstruction, renal transplant patient and catheter instrumentation are considered complicated UTI</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The same antibiotics as uncomplicated UTI but for 7-14 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Treat a symptomatic bacteria or symptomatic UTI with NITROFURANTOIN, oral cephalosporin, or amoxicillin for 3 to 7 days point avoid fluoroquinolone, TMP – SMX, and tetracyclines. Confirm clearance with a post treatment urine culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urosepsis is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition caused by a urinary tract infection that spreads into the bloodstream, leading to systemic infection and sepsis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Patients with urosepsis should be hospitalized for urgent care, starting with intravenous antibiotics to combat the infection. Initial treatment often includes broad-spectrum antibiotics to cover resistant Gram-negative rods (GNRs) and enterococcus, ensuring effective management of potential resistant pathogens until specific cultures guide therapy adjustments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Methenamine is used as a urinary antiseptic to help prevent recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs). It works by being converted to formaldehyde in the acidic environment of the urine, which then acts to suppress bacterial growth. Methenamine is typically used for prophylaxis rather than acute treatment of UTIs and is most effective when the urine is consistently acidic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The mnemonic SEEKS PP is a helpful way to remember the common organisms that cause urinary tract infections (UTIs):</p> <ul> <li> <strong>S</strong>: Serratia</li> <li> <strong>E</strong>: Escherichia coli (E. coli)</li> <li> <strong>E</strong>: Enterococcus</li> <li> <strong>K</strong>: Klebsiella</li> <li> <strong>S</strong>: Staphylococcus saprophyticus</li> <li> <strong>P</strong>: Proteus</li> <li> <strong>P</strong>: Pseudomonas These pathogens are frequently involved in UTIs, with Escherichia coli being the most common culprit.</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

<p>30-40% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Escherichia coli (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urinalysis and urine culture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3-7 days (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Admit to hospital for IV treatment and fluids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers