Urinary System Functioning and Urinalysis Quiz

What is the term for the absence of urine production?

Anuria

What does the presence of leukocytes in the urine indicate?

Urinary tract infection

What does the specific gravity of urine measure?

Amount of solutes

What can ketones in the urine indicate?

Body using fat for energy Signup and view all the answers

What does an overproduction of urine refer to?

Polyuria Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the urethra?

Transport urine from bladder outside the body Signup and view all the answers

What is the active form of vitamin D?

Calcitriol Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is primarily responsible for increasing erythrocyte production?

Erythropoietin (EPO) Signup and view all the answers

What process ensures the recovery of electrolytes such as sodium and potassium by the kidneys?

Filtration and reabsorption Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why vitamin D is sometimes referred to as a hormone instead of a vitamin?

Its role in regulating calcium Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT involved in regulating blood pressure?

Insulin Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for urination?

Micturition Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of aquaporin channel proteins?

Pull water out of the interstitial spaces Signup and view all the answers

Which structure regulates renin release to influence blood volume?

Macula Densa Signup and view all the answers

What happens if osmolarity is high in the nephrons?

Cells contract to form more urine Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of nephrons in the kidneys?

Produce urine Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate capacity of the bladder?

~600 mL Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is responsible for absorbing and secreting solutes in the nephrons?

Microvilli Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method by which filtrate enters Bowman's Capsule?

Filtration Slits Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is responsible for releasing ATP and adenosine in response to flow rate or sodium disturbances?

Juxtaglomerular Cell Signup and view all the answers

What occurs if blood pressure falls below a mean arterial pressure of 60 mm Hg?

Impaired renal function and potential shock Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Urea in the Loop of Henle?

Rid the body of nitrogen Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone increases the number of sodium pumps in the DCT (Distal Convoluted Tubule)?

Aldosterone Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of ADH (Anti-diuretic hormone) in the collecting ducts?

Reabsorb water Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of natriuretic hormones in the kidney?

Inhibit aldosterone and allow sodium excretion Signup and view all the answers

What effect do diuretics have on urine volume?

Increase urine volume Signup and view all the answers

How do the kidneys regulate acids and bases compared to the lungs?

Lungs are faster Signup and view all the answers