Podcast
Questions and Answers
A patient prescribed a urinary anti-infective should be monitored for which common adverse reaction?
A patient prescribed a urinary anti-infective should be monitored for which common adverse reaction?
- Hypotension
- Urinary Hesitancy
- Mental confusion
- Gastrointestinal upset (correct)
Which assessment finding is expected in a patient with a urinary tract infection (UTI)?
Which assessment finding is expected in a patient with a urinary tract infection (UTI)?
- Clear, odorless urine
- Yellow, transparent urine
- Cloudy urine with a foul odor (correct)
- Urine with decreased specific gravity
A patient is taking nitrofurantoin. Which drug interaction should the nurse be most concerned about?
A patient is taking nitrofurantoin. Which drug interaction should the nurse be most concerned about?
- Antifungals
- Tricyclic Antidepressants
- Digoxin
- Anticoagulants (correct)
What is the primary action of antispasmodic medications in treating urinary issues?
What is the primary action of antispasmodic medications in treating urinary issues?
Which condition is a contraindication for the use of antispasmodic medications?
Which condition is a contraindication for the use of antispasmodic medications?
A patient taking an antispasmodic reports experiencing dry mouth and decreased sweating. What nursing intervention is most appropriate?
A patient taking an antispasmodic reports experiencing dry mouth and decreased sweating. What nursing intervention is most appropriate?
A patient is prescribed bethanocol. The nurse should monitor for which potential side effect?
A patient is prescribed bethanocol. The nurse should monitor for which potential side effect?
A patient with a urinary tract infection is prescribed a urinary analgesic. What effect should the nurse expect the medication to have?
A patient with a urinary tract infection is prescribed a urinary analgesic. What effect should the nurse expect the medication to have?
A patient is prescribed an acid-ash diet with medication for a urinary tract infection. Which food is appropriate for this diet?
A patient is prescribed an acid-ash diet with medication for a urinary tract infection. Which food is appropriate for this diet?
A patient taking Pamelor for urinary incontinence should be monitored for which adverse effect?
A patient taking Pamelor for urinary incontinence should be monitored for which adverse effect?
Which nursing intervention is most crucial for a patient taking antibiotics for a urinary tract infection (UTI)?
Which nursing intervention is most crucial for a patient taking antibiotics for a urinary tract infection (UTI)?
What dietary recommendation is most appropriate for a patient prescribed nitrofurantoin?
What dietary recommendation is most appropriate for a patient prescribed nitrofurantoin?
Which condition warrants caution when using antispasmodic medications?
Which condition warrants caution when using antispasmodic medications?
In which scenario would a nurse prioritize the dosage adjustment of anticholinergics?
In which scenario would a nurse prioritize the dosage adjustment of anticholinergics?
What is a common adverse reaction to antispasmodics that may also impact patient compliance?
What is a common adverse reaction to antispasmodics that may also impact patient compliance?
Which adverse effect might lead a patient on nitrofurantoin to seek medical advice?
Which adverse effect might lead a patient on nitrofurantoin to seek medical advice?
What is the primary pharmacological action of nitrofurantoin in treating UTIs?
What is the primary pharmacological action of nitrofurantoin in treating UTIs?
Which combination of medications should be carefully monitored due to increased risk of bleeding?
Which combination of medications should be carefully monitored due to increased risk of bleeding?
When educating a patient about possible urine discoloration, which medication should the nurse most likely mention?
When educating a patient about possible urine discoloration, which medication should the nurse most likely mention?
Which of the following is essential in the assessment of a patient presenting with a suspected UTI?
Which of the following is essential in the assessment of a patient presenting with a suspected UTI?
Flashcards
Urinary Anti-infectives
Urinary Anti-infectives
Medications used to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by susceptible bacteria. They work by interfering with bacterial multiplication and achieving high concentrations in the urine.
Assessing the Patient (UTI)
Assessing the Patient (UTI)
Assess urine color, clarity, odor, and presence of sediment. Check for urinary pain, frequency, bladder distension, and other symptoms.
Adverse Reactions (Urinary Anti-infectives)
Adverse Reactions (Urinary Anti-infectives)
Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and stomatitis. Other reactions include drowsiness, headache, blurred vision, and skin issues.
Contraindications (Urinary Anti-infectives)
Contraindications (Urinary Anti-infectives)
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Drug Interactions (Urinary Anti-infectives)
Drug Interactions (Urinary Anti-infectives)
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Nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin)
Nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin)
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Antispasmodics
Antispasmodics
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Adverse Reactions (Antispasmodics)
Adverse Reactions (Antispasmodics)
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Contraindications (Antispasmodics)
Contraindications (Antispasmodics)
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Nursing Interventions (Urinary Tract Medications)
Nursing Interventions (Urinary Tract Medications)
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Assessing UTIs
Assessing UTIs
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Nursing Interventions (General)
Nursing Interventions (General)
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Urinary Bladder Stimulants
Urinary Bladder Stimulants
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Study Notes
Urinary Anti-infectives
- Used for UTIs caused by susceptible bacteria
- Rapid excretion rate
- High concentration in urine
- Interfere with bacterial multiplication
Assessing the Patient
- Collect subjective and objective data
- Assess urine color (cloudy is expected with UTIs)
- Check urine clarity (clear vs cloudy)
- Assess urine odor (presence of foul odor)
- Check for sediment in the urine
- Record vital signs
- Assess and document urinary pain, frequency, bladder distension, and other symptoms
Adverse Reactions
- Common adverse reactions include GI side effects (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) and stomatitis
- Other adverse reactions include drowsiness, headache, blurred vision, peripheral neuropathy, rash, photosensitivity, and leg cramps
- Take medications with food to mitigate GI upset
- Report any visual issues to the doctor
Contraindications
- Allergies to the drug
- Pregnancy and lactation
- Use cautiously with renal and hepatic impairment
Drug Interactions
- Anticoagulants: Increase risk of bleeding
- Sulfonamides: Delay gastric emptying and increase absorption of nitrofurantoin
- Nitrofurantoin: Increases risk of bleeding with anticoagulants
- Anticholinergics: Delay gastric emptying and increase nitrofurantoin absorption
Medications
- Nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin): A popular urinary anti-infective
- Bactrim: A combination drug used for UTIs
- Nitrofurantoin: An effective urinary anti-infective
Antispasmodics
- Also known as cholinergic blockers or anticholinergics
- Inhibit bladder contractions, reducing painful spasms
- Effectively delay the urge to void
- Relieve symptoms of dysuria, urinary urgency, nocturia, suprapubic pain, frequency, and urge incontinence
- Treat bladder instability caused by neurogenic bladder issues, including post-stroke
Adverse Reactions (Antispasmodics)
- Dry mouth
- Urinary hesitancy
- Decreased production of tears
- Constipation
- Drowsiness
- Decreased sweating
- GI upset (nausea, vomiting)
- Dizziness
- Vertigo
- Rash
- Mental confusion
- Urine discoloration (orange, blue)
Contraindications (Antispasmodics)
- Allergies to the drug
- Glaucoma
- Use cautiously with GI infections, BPH, urinary retention, hyperthyroidism, and renal/hepatic disease
Drug Interactions
- Antibiotics and antifungals: Decrease effectiveness of antispasmodics
- Demerol: Potentiates antispasmodic effects
- Phenothiazines: Increase antispasmodic effects
- Tricyclic antidepressants: Increase antispasmodic effects
- Haldol: Decreases effectiveness of the anti-psychotic drug
- Digoxin: Increase serum levels
Nursing Interventions
- Encourage fluid intake (2,000 ml/day unless contraindicated)
- Ensure patient takes full course of medication, even if symptoms improve
- Treat skin irritations with cornstarch baths or bath with bicarbonate of soda and dilute vinegar
- Encourage acid ash diet to maintain a urine pH of 5.5 (meat, whole grains, eggs, cheese, cranberries, prunes, plums, supplemented with vitamin C, A, and folic acid)
- Monitor for allergic reactions
- Monitor for signs and symptoms of continued infection
- Educate patient about urine discoloration during medication use
Quinolones
- Used to treat UTIs caused by gram-negative microbes
Bethanocol
- Suppresses fungi and both gram-negative and gram-positive organisms
- Requires acidification of urine
- Used for chronic recurrent urinary tract infections as a prophylactic medication
- Given with a glass of water
Sulfonamides
- Used for UTIs, but detailed information is provided in a separate resource
- Used with other antibiotics (more information in a separate resource)
Anesthetics
- Anesthetize the mucosa of the urinary tract
- Cause urine discoloration
Bethanocol
- A urinary bladder stimulant used for postpartum and post-operative urinary retention, particularly in those with neurogenic bladder
- Monitor for hypotension
Proscar
- Given for benign prostatic hypertrophy
Pamelor
- Has anticholinergic effects
- Relieves urinary incontinence
- Causes dizziness and orthostatic hypotension
Nursing Interventions (General)
- Monitor for drug interactions
- Encourage fluid intake to ensure adequate urine output
- Instruct patient to complete full course of medication, even if symptoms improve
- Treat skin irritations with cornstarch baths or baths with bicarbonate of soda and dilute vinegar
- Monitor for allergic reactions
- Monitor for signs and symptoms of continued infection
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Description
Test your knowledge on urinary anti-infectives used for treating UTIs. This quiz covers the mechanisms of action, patient assessment, potential adverse reactions, and contraindications associated with these medications. Prepare yourself to better understand the implications of these treatments!
