Questions and Answers
What is the portion of the urinary bladder called?
What term is used for small balls of capillaries in the kidney?
Glomerular
What is the narrowing of the urethral opening to the outside of the body called?
Meatal stenosis
Which electrolyte is primarily referred to as sodium?
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What is the term for creatinine in the urinary context?
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What is the medical term represented by pyel/o?
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What term describes no urine production?
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What is the term for surrounding the urinary bladder?
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What condition is characterized by an elevated level of nitrogenous waste in the blood?
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What does KUB stand for in the context of X-ray imaging?
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What term describes scanty urination?
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Diabetes insipidus is characterized by glycosuria.
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What is the hernia of the tube connecting the kidney and the urinary bladder called?
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What is the term for an artificial kidney machine?
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What is the incision to remove a renal calculus called?
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What term describes protein in the urine?
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A renal abscess may lead to what condition?
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What does the term 'alkaline' refer to?
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What is a group of symptoms marked by edema, proteinuria, and hypoalbuminemia called?
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What can high levels of ketones in the blood lead to?
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What is the term for childhood renal carcinoma?
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What term describes when urine is held in the bladder?
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What test measures the amount of urea in the blood?
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What is the condition of hardening of blood vessels in the kidney called?
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What does ESWL stand for in relation to treating urinary tract stones?
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What does ESWL do to urinary tract stones?
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Study Notes
Urinary System Terminology
- Trigone: A portion of the urinary bladder, named for its triangular shape, which is formed by the openings of the ureters and urethra.
- Glomerular: Refers to structures relating to glomeruli, small clusters of capillaries in the kidneys critical for filtering blood.
- Meatal Stenosis: A condition characterized by narrowing of the urethral opening, potentially leading to urinary obstruction.
Key Terms and Definitions
- Electrolyte: Essential minerals in the body, with sodium being a prominent example, playing key roles in hydration and nerve function.
- Nitrogenous Waste: Creatinine is a waste product formed from muscle metabolism, typically filtered out by the kidneys.
- Renal Pelvis: Associated with the term pyel/o, it is the funnel-shaped structure in the kidney that collects urine before it moves to the ureters.
Urinary Conditions and Terms
- Anuria: A medical term indicating the absence of urine production, which can signal severe kidney dysfunction.
- Perivesical: Describes the region surrounding the urinary bladder, significant in conditions affecting bladder health.
- Uremia: Also known as azotemia, it is a condition marked by high levels of nitrogenous waste products in the blood, often due to kidney failure.
Diagnostic and Procedural Terms
- KUB (Kidneys, Ureters, Bladder): A specific X-ray exam that visualizes the urinary tract for diagnostic purposes.
- Oliguria: Refers to scanty urination, indicating possible underlying health issues.
- Ureterocele: A hernia or pouching of the ureter into the bladder, which can cause urinary obstruction.
Kidney Function and Disorders
- Hemodialysis: An artificial kidney machine used to filter waste from the blood of individuals with kidney failure.
- Nephrolithotomy: A surgical procedure involving an incision to remove kidney stones (renal calculi).
- Albuminuria: The presence of albumin in urine, a potential marker for kidney disease.
Complications and Indicators
- Pyuria: The presence of pus in urine, often indicating infection or inflammation in the urinary tract.
- Basic (Alkaline): Refers to a pH level that is greater than 7, which can influence urine composition.
- Nephrotic Syndrome: A collection of symptoms that include edema (swelling), proteinuria (excess protein in urine), and hypoalbuminemia (low blood albumin levels).
Health Implications
- Acidosis: A dangerous condition that results from high levels of ketones in the blood, often related to diabetes or starvation.
- Wilms Tumor: A type of kidney cancer that typically occurs in children, associated with significant pediatric health considerations.
- Urinary Retention: A condition where urine is held in the bladder, potentially causing discomfort or complications.
Tests and Measurements
- BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen): A test that measures urea in the blood, aiding in the assessment of kidney function.
- Nephrosclerosis: The hardening of blood vessels in the kidney, often due to chronic high blood pressure or diabetes, impacting renal health.
- ESWL (Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy): Non-invasive treatment that uses shock waves to break up kidney stones for easier passage.
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Description
Test your knowledge on key terms related to Chapter 7 of the urinary system. This quiz covers important definitions and concepts associated with kidney function and related abnormalities. Perfect for students studying anatomy and physiology.
