Uric Acid Stones Formation
22 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the main reason non-invasive methods are only effective on small stones?

  • They target specific types of stones
  • They do not require medical management
  • They have a low recurrence rate
  • They are unable to dissolve large stones effectively (correct)
  • Which type of stones form in the presence of urease-splitting organisms?

  • Oxalate stones
  • Calcium stones
  • Cystine stones
  • Struvite stones (correct)
  • What is the recommended method to prevent cystine stone formation?

  • Maintaining urine pH below 6.5
  • Avoiding hydration to concentrate the urine
  • Increasing urinary volume through dehydration
  • Using alkalizing agents like potassium citrate (correct)
  • Why do patients often struggle with tiopronin as a treatment for cystinuria?

    <p>It has a difficult dosing schedule (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common side effect of using D-penicillamine for cystinuria?

    <p>Skin rashes and proteinuria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the UK urolithiasis population is affected by cystinuria?

    <p>1% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that leads to the formation of uric acid stones?

    <p>High purine diet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do uric acid and urates affect the formation of calcium-based stones?

    <p>They directly promote the crystallization of calcium-based stones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which calcium oxalate stones form?

    <p>Precipitation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between brushite and hydroxyapatite calcium phosphate stones?

    <p>Brushite stones are more common, while hydroxyapatite stones are rare (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is understanding the specific type of urinary stone important?

    <p>It allows for more effective prevention and treatment strategies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that differentiates the formation of calcium phosphate stones from calcium oxalate stones?

    <p>Urinary pH (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which substance is believed to prevent recurrence of calcium oxalate stone formation?

    <p>Potassium citrate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of allopurinol in inhibiting uric acid stone formation?

    <p>Reducing xanthine oxidase activity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common side effect of allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome?

    <p>Fever and rash (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of rasburicase in preventing uric acid stone formation?

    <p>Converting urate to allantoin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of uricosuric drugs in the context of uric acid stone formation?

    <p>Inhibiting urate reabsorption in the kidney (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do loops and thiazide diuretics differ in their effectiveness for treating uricosuria?

    <p>Loops are more effective than thiazides (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of ammonium in blocking the formation of uric acid crystals?

    <p>It enhances the solubility of uric acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is distinguishing between calcium phosphate and calcium oxalate stone-formers important?

    <p>Because they respond differently to treatment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which substance accounts for a significant percentage of all urinary stones in developed countries?

    <p>Calcium oxalate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential complication associated with high doses of thiazide diuretic agents in treating urinary stones?

    <p>Increased stone formation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Overview of Urolithiasis
    11 questions

    Overview of Urolithiasis

    WellManagedOpossum avatar
    WellManagedOpossum
    Uric Acid Metabolism and Transport
    16 questions
    Uric Acid and Hyperuricemia Overview
    20 questions
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Browser