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Uricosuric Therapy and Probenecid Dosage
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Uricosuric Therapy and Probenecid Dosage

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@GrandPipeOrgan

Questions and Answers

What is the primary action of propranolol on the cardiovascular system?

  • Increased oxygen consumption by cardiac muscle
  • Increased peripheral vasodilation
  • Suppression of SA and AV node activity leading to bradycardia (correct)
  • Positive inotropic and chronotropic effects

    • How does propranolol affect glucose metabolism?

  • Has no effect on glucose metabolism
  • Increases insulin secretion and glucose utilization
  • Decreases glucagon secretion and glycogenolysis, leading to hypoglycemia (correct)
  • Increases glucagon secretion and glycogenolysis

    • What is the primary mechanism by which propranolol causes peripheral vasoconstriction?

  • Decreased nitric oxide production
  • Stimulation of alpha-adrenergic receptors
  • Inhibition of beta-2 mediated vasodilation (correct)
  • Increased release of vasoconstrictive hormones

    • Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of propranolol?

    <p>Bronchial asthma and COPD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which of the following conditions is propranolol used as a prophylactic treatment?

    <p>Migraine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does propranolol affect the action of epinephrine (adrenaline)?

    <p>Has no effect on the action of epinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial dose of probenecid for uricosuric therapy?

    <p>250 mg twice daily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum daily dose of probenecid during uricosuric therapy?

    <p>2 g/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical initial dose of sulfinpyrazone for uricosuric therapy?

    <p>50 mg twice daily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the major side effects associated with uricosuric therapy?

    <p>GI irritation and rash</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does teriparatide do in anabolic therapy?

    <p>Improves bone mass and architecture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For whom is teriparatide FDA approved?

    <p>Postmenopausal women and men at high fracture risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the predominant effect of B-Norepinephrine on the cardiovascular system?

    <p>Increasing heart rate and systemic vascular resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is B-Norepinephrine considered less useful in asthma compared to epinephrine?

    <p>Its weak effect on beta receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication can induce tachycardia if used before B-Norepinephrine?

    <p>Atropine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary therapeutic use of Norepinephrine?

    <p>Shock management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is C-Isoproterenol rarely used in clinical practice?

    <p>Being nonselective in its action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effect of C-Isoproterenol on the heart during emergency situations?

    <p>Stimulating both beta1 and beta2 receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of scopolamine?

    <p>It is a peripheral muscarinic antagonist with higher action on the central nervous system than atropine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of tropicamide and cyclopentolate?

    <p>They are used as eye solutions to induce mydriasis and cycloplegia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of nicotine?

    <p>It is a ganglionic blocker that initially stimulates and then paralyzes all ganglia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the primary use of ipratropium?

    <p>It is used as an inhaled bronchodilator to treat asthma and COPD.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of the overdose treatment for the side effects mentioned?

    <p>Physostigmine is used to reverse the anticholinergic effects of the overdose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the primary side effect of the substances mentioned in the text?

    <p>All of the above.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of organophosphate acetylcholinesterase inhibitors?

    <p>They covalently bind to the serine -OH at the active site of acetylcholinesterase, permanently inactivating the enzyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic effect of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors?

    <p>Mydriasis (dilation of the pupil)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of pralidoxime in the treatment of organophosphate poisoning?

    <p>It displaces the phosphate group from the organophosphate-acetylcholinesterase complex, regenerating the enzyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of cholinergic antagonists selectively binds to muscarinic receptors?

    <p>Anti-muscarinics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of cholinergic antagonists is used during anesthesia to facilitate skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery?

    <p>Neuromuscular blockers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the use of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in glaucoma treatment is correct?

    <p>They are used in the chronic treatment of open-angle glaucoma as solutions, and their effects can last up to a week after a single use</p> Signup and view all the answers

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