Podcast
Questions and Answers
What do the paranasal sinuses develop as?
What do the paranasal sinuses develop as?
- Growth from the forehead
- Outgrowths from the nasal cavities (correct)
- Branches of the trigeminal nerve
- Invaginations from the surrounding bones
What is the characteristic of the mucosa that lines the paranasal sinuses?
What is the characteristic of the mucosa that lines the paranasal sinuses?
- Ciliated and mucus secreting (correct)
- Squamous and keratinizing
- Stratified and non-keratinizing
- Cuboidal and non-ciliated
Which nerve innervates the paranasal sinuses?
Which nerve innervates the paranasal sinuses?
- Olfactory nerve
- Vagus nerve
- Branches of the trigeminal nerve [V] (correct)
- Optic nerve
How many frontal sinuses are there in each individual?
How many frontal sinuses are there in each individual?
What is the shape of each frontal sinus?
What is the shape of each frontal sinus?
Where do the frontal sinuses drain?
Where do the frontal sinuses drain?
What is the blood supply to the frontal sinuses?
What is the blood supply to the frontal sinuses?
What are the ethmoidal cells divided into based on their aperture location?
What are the ethmoidal cells divided into based on their aperture location?
What is the direction of the muscle fibers of the external intercostal muscles?
What is the direction of the muscle fibers of the external intercostal muscles?
Where do the internal intercostal muscles attach anteriorly?
Where do the internal intercostal muscles attach anteriorly?
What is the relationship between the external intercostal muscles and the external oblique muscles?
What is the relationship between the external intercostal muscles and the external oblique muscles?
During which phase of breathing are the external intercostal muscles most active?
During which phase of breathing are the external intercostal muscles most active?
What is the direction of the muscle fibers of the internal intercostal muscles?
What is the direction of the muscle fibers of the internal intercostal muscles?
Where do the internal intercostal muscles attach posteriorly?
Where do the internal intercostal muscles attach posteriorly?
What is the relationship between the internal intercostal muscles and the internal oblique muscles?
What is the relationship between the internal intercostal muscles and the internal oblique muscles?
During which phase of breathing are the internal intercostal muscles most active?
During which phase of breathing are the internal intercostal muscles most active?
Which anatomical feature is located at the point where the manubrium joins the body of the sternum?
Which anatomical feature is located at the point where the manubrium joins the body of the sternum?
What is the significance of the sternal angle in clinical practice?
What is the significance of the sternal angle in clinical practice?
Which ribs attach directly to the body of the sternum?
Which ribs attach directly to the body of the sternum?
Why is the sternum often used for obtaining red bone marrow samples?
Why is the sternum often used for obtaining red bone marrow samples?
Which anatomical line passes through the midpoint of the clavicle?
Which anatomical line passes through the midpoint of the clavicle?
Which event can occur during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) involving the xiphoid process?
Which event can occur during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) involving the xiphoid process?
Which line runs vertically along the posterior axillary fold?
Which line runs vertically along the posterior axillary fold?
What structures form the anterior axillary fold?
What structures form the anterior axillary fold?
What forms the median nasal septum?
What forms the median nasal septum?
Which part of the respiratory system is located within the chest cavity?
Which part of the respiratory system is located within the chest cavity?
What receives the opening of the posterior ethmoidal air cells?
What receives the opening of the posterior ethmoidal air cells?
From where does each half of the nasal cavity extend?
From where does each half of the nasal cavity extend?
Which anatomical feature opens into the inferior meatus?
Which anatomical feature opens into the inferior meatus?
Which bones form the roof of the nasal cavity?
Which bones form the roof of the nasal cavity?
Which components are part of the respiratory muscles forming the chest cavity?
Which components are part of the respiratory muscles forming the chest cavity?
How many paranasal air sinuses are there?
How many paranasal air sinuses are there?
Which muscles are identified as accessory muscles of respiration by elevating the ribs during deep and forceful inspiration?
Which muscles are identified as accessory muscles of respiration by elevating the ribs during deep and forceful inspiration?
How do the scalene muscles function as accessory respiratory muscles?
How do the scalene muscles function as accessory respiratory muscles?
What is the traditional description of the function of serratus posterior muscles?
What is the traditional description of the function of serratus posterior muscles?
What recent studies suggest about the primary function of serratus posterior muscles?
What recent studies suggest about the primary function of serratus posterior muscles?
What role do the levatores costarum muscles play?
What role do the levatores costarum muscles play?
Which muscles are described as possibly having a proprioceptive function and being implicated in chronic pain in myofascial pain syndromes?
Which muscles are described as possibly having a proprioceptive function and being implicated in chronic pain in myofascial pain syndromes?
Which muscles were traditionally thought to elevate the superior four ribs and increase the thoracic AP diameter?
Which muscles were traditionally thought to elevate the superior four ribs and increase the thoracic AP diameter?
What evidence contradicts the inspiratory function of serratus posterior muscles?
What evidence contradicts the inspiratory function of serratus posterior muscles?
