Upper Limb and Hip Ligaments Quiz

The medial collateral ligament in the upper limb is located between the medial epicondyle of the humerus and the medial coronoid process of the ulna.

The tibial-navicular (also known as the deltoid) ligament is a group of ligaments that connects the medial malleolus of the tibia to the talus, navicular, and calcaneus bones. Its components include the anterior tibiotalar, posterior tibiotalar, tibiocalcaneal, and tibionavicular ligaments.

The coracoclavicular ligament is located between the coracoid process of the scapula and the clavicle. It helps to stabilize the acromioclavicular joint and prevents excessive upward displacement of the clavicle.

<p>The iliofemoral ligament is stretched during hip abduction and extension.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ischiofemoral ligament acts as a posterior stabiliser for the hip joint. It originates on the ischium and spirals onto the neck of the femur and base of the greater trochanter. This configuration creates a tension that helps prevent excessive hip flexion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The three main ligaments reinforcing the hip joint are the iliofemoral, pubofemoral, and ischiofemoral ligaments. The iliofemoral ligament, the strongest of the three, originates on the AIIS and attaches to the trochanteric line. The pubofemoral ligament connects the pubis to the femur, preventing excessive hip abduction. The ischiofemoral ligament spirals from the ischium to the femur, acting as a posterior stabiliser.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is located inside the knee joint, running from the anterior aspect of the tibia to the posterior aspect of the femur. It functions to prevent anterior displacement of the tibia relative to the femur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) and the calcaneofibular ligament both contribute to stabilizing the lateral aspect of the ankle joint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The scapula moves around on the thorax. This is not technically a joint, but rather controlled by muscles, not ligaments or a joint capsule.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>First, find the clavicle and palpate laterally until you feel a slight drop-off. From behind, find the crease where the shoulder is located. The glenohumeral joint should be over the shoulder, beneath the crease, and pop your hand over the joint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The humerus articulates with the glenoid fossa of the scapula to form the glenohumeral joint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Locate the clavicle. The AC joint is located at the lateral end of the clavicle, and can be palpated by moving your finger laterally from the clavicle until you feel a slight drop-off.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>From a posterior view, look at the crease of the shoulder. The glenohumeral joint can be located in a line with the crease of the shoulder, slightly lateral.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Active range of motion is the movement of a joint through its full range of motion, initiated and performed by the patient. Passive range of motion is the movement of a joint through its full range of motion, performed by the examiner while the patient remains relaxed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The acromioclavicular joint is located at the lateral end of the clavicle. You can palpate the joint by moving your fingers laterally, starting from the clavicle, and finding a noticeable divot or drop-off.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Palpation can help identify the location of specific anatomical structures, such as the glenohumeral joint and the AC joint. It can also help detect any abnormalities in the joint, such as swelling, tenderness, or crepitus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The patient lies supine with their ankle over the edge of the bed. The therapist holds the patient's foot in plantarflexion and, using their thumb, tries to push the patient's toe upward while the patient resists.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The therapist aims to assess the patient's range of motion in hip flexion by moving the leg from extension to flexion, keeping the heel in contact with the bed. The therapist is looking for how far the knee can move towards the buttocks while maintaining heel contact.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The therapist must stabilize the patient's hips by holding the ASIS (anterior superior iliac spine) to prevent movement during the assessment, ensuring only the leg is moving.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The therapist should hold above the knee and lightly on the ankle while applying a firm grip to twist the femur, focusing on achieving maximum range of motion in the knee flexion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The end feel should be springy, indicating a resistance to further flexion as the ligaments and muscles reach their maximum stretch.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The expected range of motion for passive knee flexion is 60-65 degrees, while the expected range for passive lateral rotation is 30-35 degrees, indicating a larger range of motion for knee flexion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Holding the sacrum stabilizes the hips and prevents unwanted movement during the assessment. The expected end feel is springy or boney, indicating the end range of motion where the joint is at its limit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>One method involves holding the ankle in plantarflexion and wringing the foot inwards, while the other involves having the patient curl their toe against resistance from the therapist's thumb. The first technique focuses on overall dorsiflexion, while the second assesses the toe's ability to resist dorsiflexion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The greater tubercle of the humerus is located anteriorly and laterally from the spine of the scapula.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Palpate the greater tubercle, then move medially while the patient performs a bicep curl, feeling for a pop in the shoulder.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The glenoid fossa is located just behind the coracoid process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Palpate the back of the elbow to find the bony prominence, then move inward and slightly upward.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The capitulum is the bony prominence where the radial head articulates during forearm rotation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Find the top of the iliac crest and palpate down towards the ASIS, ensuring to maintain contact.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Have the patient lie in a prone position with legs extended and palpate gently below the glute.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>From the belly button, palpate straight down until you feel a hard prominence, then push down gently.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The coronoid process is located under the humerus and at the front of the ulna, serving as an attachment point for muscles and stabilizing the elbow joint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To locate the sternoclavicular joint, find the clavicle and palpate laterally until you feel a slight drop off, indicating the joint area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ball and socket structure of the glenohumeral joint allows for a wide range of motion, making it crucial for shoulder mobility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The talocrural joint allows for plantarflexion and dorsiflexion, demonstrated by pointing the toes downwards and then upwards towards the shin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The scapulothoracic joint is primarily controlled by muscles, allowing for stabilization and movement of the scapula across the thorax.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The movements involve pointing the toes down to the floor (plantarflexion) and then bringing the toes up towards the shin (dorsiflexion).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The upper trapezius and levator scapulae are responsible for the elevation of the pectoral girdle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The therapist should stabilize around the tibia and fibula to prevent unnecessary movement during the exercises.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The therapist should start palpating on the medial tibial condyle, moving proximally to feel for any drops.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The patient starts with the arm up in flexion and then brings the arm down while the therapist stabilizes the shoulder joint and above the inner elbow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The patient should start with both arms at their side, raise them up in a straight line above their head, and then bring them back down.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The rhomboid major and minor, pectoralis minor, and levator scapulae facilitate medial rotation of the pectoral girdle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Monitoring pain responses helps to assess the patient's tolerance and identify any injury or dysfunction in the shoulder joint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The large bony prominence on the upper end of the humerus, serving as an attachment for muscles.

A smaller bony prominence on the front of the humerus, also for muscle attachment.

A small hook-like structure on the scapula, provides muscle attachment points.

The shallow socket in the scapula that articulates with the head of the humerus.

The bony prominence at the back of the elbow joint, part of the ulna.

A rounded knob on the humerus that articulates with the radius at the elbow.

The bony projection at the front of the iliac crest, a key landmark in pelvic anatomy.

A rounded prominence on the ilium, important for muscle attachment.

The ball-and-socket joint connecting the humerus to the scapula, allowing arm rotation.

The joint between the tibia, fibula, and talus, facilitating ankle movement.

Not a true joint, it is the movement between the scapula and the thoracic cage.

The joint between the metacarpals and the proximal phalanges, allowing finger movement.

Movement of the arm raising upwards in front of the body using muscle control.

Movement of the arm moving backwards without muscle contraction, usually assisted by another.

Rotational movement at the shoulder joint, including external (lateral) and internal (medial) rotation.

Active range of motion where you bend the elbow using your own muscles.

Bending of the knee, reducing the angle between the thigh and the lower leg.

Raising the foot upwards towards the shin, decreasing the angle at the ankle joint.

Movement of the foot where the sole moves towards the midline of the body.

Movement of the leg towards the midline of the body, reducing the distance between the legs.

A ligament that holds the head of the radius in place, allowing rotation.

A ligament on the outer side of the elbow, stabilizing the joint.

A ligament on the inner side of the elbow, helping to stabilize the joint.

Stabilizes the shoulder joint by connecting the humerus to the glenoid cavity.

A ligament stretching from the ASIS to the pubic symphysis, marking the groin area.

A key ligament in the knee that prevents the tibia from sliding too far forward.

Crescent-shaped cartilage in the knee that absorbs shock and stabilizes the joint.

Part of the deltoid ligament, connecting the tibia to the navicular bone in the foot.

The action of raising the toes towards the shin.

The movement of pointing the toes downward.

Turning the sole of the foot inward.

The movement of turning the sole of the foot outward.

The movement of pulling the shoulder blades together.

The upward movement of the shoulder girdle.

Raising the arm forward and upwards.

The movement of bringing the arm down from a raised position.

Passive movement where the heel is supported while the foot is turned outwards.

Supporting the foot in plantarflexion and wringing it inwards.

Patient curls toe while you apply pressure to resist toe flexion.

Applying pressure on the big toe while bringing toes upward.

Patient raises flat leg, stabilizing the hips by holding the sacrum.

Keeping the knee still while moving the foot toward the face.

Patient in flexion pushing the knee into the bed to elevate the heel.

Holding knee and ankle while asking the patient to rotate the foot in various directions.