Questions and Answers
An alternator is said to be over excited when it is operating at:
A synchronous motor is said to be over excited when it is operating at:
A micro antenna is:
What is primary use for fast track scheduling:
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In Harvard Architecture:
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The direction of the force acting on a moving charge placed in a magnetic field is:
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The unit of conductance is:
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ABET stands for Accreditation Board for Engineer and Technology?
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For the circuit shown phase shift of the transfer function V/Vo at very high frequencies is:
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The third harmonic of the Fourier series for the waveform in the figure has a frequency (Hz) of:
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The wire placed on the top of a transmission line is a:
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Consider the three-stages r-f amplifier shown below AR1 refers to the input amplifier stage. AR2 to the second stage, AR3 to the output stage. For this amplifier configuration the total noise figure (dB) is most nearly:
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Of the following engineering disciplines, who would be BEST suited to design and operate an automobile factory?
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Which of the following describes the leakage flux?
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Fast Tracking in Project means?
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We have three resistances of values 2Ω, 3Ω, 6Ω. Which of the following combinations will give an effective resistance of 4Ω?
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An active filter will:
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Embedded system should have best:
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If gain of amplifier is 10 and having negative feedback of 9%. What will be the gain if feedback is removed?
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Which type of braking is used in an induction motor?
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The self-discharge rate of a lead-acid battery is least dependent on which of the following factors?
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At what region of operation is the base emitter junction forward biased and the base collector junction reverse biased for BJT?
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A motor is equipped with an optical shaft encoder to measure motor speed. The optical encoder provides 200 pulses per motor revolution. A microcontroller equipped with a real-time interrupt (RTI) capability is used to measure motor speed. The RTI interval is 32.768ms. The microcontroller counts 372 pulses from the optical encoder in the RTI interval. The speed (rpm) of the motor is:
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BJT will amplify in which region?
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A digital signal needs to be modulated and transmitted. If we need to transmit 4 bits, what is the maximum number of ways it can be transmitted?
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The motor used in a traveling crane is:
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Which of the following is not the transmission voltage in Qatar?
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An important step in the software lifecycle is testing. Which of the following is not true concerning integration testing?
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The single-phase motor generally used with household ceiling fans is:
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The peak reverse voltage applied to the diode for a source voltage of v= 100sin(377t) would be:
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All of the following are properties of fuses rather than circuit breakers, with one exception. Which item is the property of circuit breakers?
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A phase, 3-wire ungrounded, 13.2kV (phase-to-phase) wye-connected source is connected to a balanced delta load that is grounded on corner A. The voltage measured between Corner B and ground is most nearly:
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The only load on a 3-phase, 4-wire system is placed between phase B and phase C. The phase to phase voltage is 13.2kV. The load is 500kVA at 0.85 lagging power factor. The magnitude of the line current (amperes) in phase C is most nearly
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Which one is the harmonic source in the following list?
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A low-pass filter is used to:
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A 3-phase, 60-Hz induction motor has a nameplate speed of 1600 rpm. This motor has how many poles?
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Which of the following is a name for a set of indices and values?
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Your boss has just approved the initiation of a project to celebrate Qatar National Day. What should Sadia, the project manager, do first?
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The spinning reserve is the:
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Two resistances R1 and R2 give combined resistance of 4.5 ohms when in series and 1 ohm when in parallel. The resistances are:
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An underground system is built for a military marine system with a normal voltage level. A following fault analysis design the insulation is most nearly the voltage level for which the insulation on the distribution system is designed?
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The voltage gain of an amplifier with 9% negative feedback is 10. The voltage gain without feedback will be:
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Which circuit breaker is commonly used in the distribution level?
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Which of the following estimates listed would occur last in the project timeline?
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In which of figure the relationship between voltage and current is in accordance with Ohms Law:
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A Digital Signal Processor (DSP) is designed to perform FFT operations for a digital oscilloscope. The most cost-effective ALU architecture for this CPU is:
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Which one of the following is not correct based on Ohm’s Law?
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The room amplifier in a wireless system amplifies:
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Harmonic currents present in a power system may cause:
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What does the Kz term represent in the wind load formula Lsi = 0.613v² m/s KzGRF / CfAm²?
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Consider the oscillator circuit shown below. The circuit uses which resonant modes of the crystal X1
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What is the best economical way to start a single-phase motor?
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What is the difference between EPROM and EEPROM?
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Why is steel used in concrete structures?
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If fuse rated = 8 Ampere, what does it mean?
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CMOS Inverter is superior to the R-Pull up inverter due to:
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What is the term for the process of decomposing deliverables into smaller, more manageable components?
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Which of the following types of material has high thermal and electrical conductivity?
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Which is not part of Scope Management?
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According to the Brundtland Report (WCED, 1987), what are the three main pillars of sustainable development?
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What is the power factor of an alternator dependent on?
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What type of filters can filter and amplify?
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How many months can a wristwatch function without replacement if it draws 15 x 10^-6 A?
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Which of the following would not be classified as a direct cost?
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Study Notes
Alternators and Power Factor
- An alternator is considered over-excited when operating at a leading power factor.
- Synchronous motors are also characterized as over-excited when they operate at a leading power factor.
Electrical Components and Their Functions
- Micro antenna refers to a short antenna, suitable for compact applications.
- Conductance is measured in mhos (or siemens), which is the reciprocal of resistance.
- Harmonics in systems arise from factors such as variable impedance loads, saturated magnetic loads, and power electronics loads.
Architecture and Design Concepts
- Harvard Architecture differentiates between code and data, meaning they are separated.
- Fast track scheduling aims to avoid future cost increases by accelerating project timelines.
Circuit Elements and Their Operations
- The direction of force on a moving charge in a magnetic field is perpendicular to both the charge's velocity and the magnetic field lines.
- Voltage gain for amplifiers with negative feedback is calculated by considering the feedback impact; a 10 gain with 9% negative feedback suggests higher potential gain when feedback is removed.
Electrical Engineering Principles
- In transformers, successful parallel operation requires correct polarity and identical voltage and frequency ratings.
- The condition under which minimum voltage regulation occurs is at a unity power factor.
Motor Specifications
- The slip of an induction motor at no load is typically less than 1%, indicating minimal difference between synchronous and rotor speed.
- For induction motors, zero torque occurs when the rotor is at synchronous speed.
Project Management
- Proper management of project scopes ensures goals are met, emphasizing the importance of client review and continuous progress monitoring.
Communication Systems
- Bandwidth classification for signals typically designates a signal using a 2 kHz bandwidth as voice grade HF.
Circuit Analysis
- Open circuit tests on transformers typically assess core loss, which includes hysteresis and eddy current loss contributions.
Power Supply Management
- The minimum power of supply resistor in a Zener diode circuit is calculated based on input and output conditions, with particular attention to load variations.
- An active filter is designed to amplify and filter signals simultaneously, illustrating dual functionality.
Electrical Safety and Standards
- The minimum wire gauge sizes for earth cables are critical for safety and vary by system standards.
- In 3-phase systems, the neutral line serves as a return path for normal current, facilitating balanced operation.
Electrical and Magnetic Concepts
- The formula for magnetic field intensity (H) 10 cm from an isolated current-carrying wire considers the current and radial distance from the wire's center.
- Transformer humming originates primarily from vibrations in core lamination, highlighting mechanical aspects of electrical components.
Induction Motor Characteristics
- Various methods for starting a single-phase motor are available, with the split-phase method noted for being economically efficient.
- Braking mechanisms in induction motors include regenerative, dynamic, and plugging options, which enhance control during operation.
Performance Indicators
- The self-discharge rate of a lead-acid battery primarily depends less on the battery's nominal voltage than on concentration and temperature.
- Conditions affecting the efficiency of alternators further illustrate how variations in excitation influence operational performance.
Advanced Concepts in Electronics
- MOSFET devices are categorized as transistors, central to semiconductor applications.
- In wireless communications, amplifying received signals is crucial, necessitating the use of low-noise amplifiers for optimal performance.
Additional Technical Principles
- The effective aperture of an antenna and the need for additional specifications like power density are critical when calculating amplifier power requirements.
- Circuit comparisons often illustrate the relationship between voltage sources and resistive loads, emphasizing the impact on current delivery.### Exam Questions Summary
- AM Receiver: To listen to a station at 540 kHz with a 455 kHz IF, the local oscillator frequency is 995 kHz.
- Network Topology: 10BaseT cannot be used without conversion in a Point to Point topology.
- Transformer's Resitivity: High voltage windings have higher resistivity than low voltage sides.
- ACR conductor specification: Can be specified as 7/25 for 7 steel wires and 25 aluminum wires.
- Circuit Output: The output D can be represented as AB + BC.
- Signal Speed in Cable: A 1000m cable return time of 9.43µsec gives a wave speed of 0.75.
- Induction Machine: Equivalent circuit at no load is compared to an open circuited secondary of a transformer.
- Rules of Interaction: Communication is not a rule of interaction.
- Battery Current Flow: Conventional current flows from anode to cathode inside a battery.
- Project Management: Dummy activities help avoid precedence problems due to burst activities.
- Average Signal Value: For v(t) = 5 sin 377t, the average value is 3.2V.
- Transformer Impedance: A 25MVA, 66-12.47kV transformer has a 0.32 per unit impedance on a 100 MVA base.
- DC Voltmeter Resistance: A 150Ω voltmeter with a range of 0-100V needs a parallel resistance of 1MΩ.
- Offset Variation: A segment can vary from 0000H to FFFFH.
- Power Gain: 30 dB corresponds to an amplification factor of 1000.
- Power Factor: An alternator's power factor depends on load connected and core losses.
- Fluorescent Light Flicker: Caused by low-frequency issues.
- Frequency Theorem: Shannon Theorem is associated with frequency concepts.
- Activity Representation: Activities in a project network can be represented by arrows and nodes.
- Software Accreditation: ABET is responsible for accrediting engineering education programs.
- CRC Generator: Based on exclusive OR operations.
- Scope Planning: Begins with defining objectives and customer requirements.
- Fast Track Definition: Construction can begin before design completion.
- Circuit Configuration: Three resistors of 6Ω, 3Ω, and 9Ω can be in various configurations.
- Cascade Amplifier: Used to reduce load effect; produces high output impedance.
- Transformer Turns Ratio: For delta-wye transformers with specific voltages, turns ratio is calculated.
- Optical Shaft Encoder: Used to measure motor speed with 200 pulses per revolution.
- Diode Forward Bias: Current is determined by voltage at around 0.75V.
- Battery Capacity: Increasing withdrawal current usually decreases capacity due to polarization.
- Reactive Power Calculation: A capacitor's reactive power in a specific setup can be calculated from voltage ratios.
- Internal Resistance of Fuel Cells: Measured using power equations.
- Earth Electrode Mixture: Preferred mixtures like lime-sand for earth electrode filling.
- Measurement Accuracy: Related to precision, reproducibility, and accuracy.
- Digital Signal Modulation: For 4 bits, 16 transmission methods are possible.
- Zener Diode Regulation: Affects output based on dynamic resistance and input current.
- Motor Type in Cranes: Ward Leonard controlled DC shunt motor is commonly used.
- Transmission Voltage in Qatar: 220kV is not a common transmission voltage in Qatar specifications.
- Project Lifecycle: Integration testing does not apply to previously tested pieces when combined into a system.
- Project Scheduling: Forward pass calculation establishes the earliest activities can start or finish.
- Ceiling Fan Motors: Commonly use capacitor start types.
- Peak Reverse Voltage: For a given AC signal, calculated peak reverse voltage is notable.
- Circuit Breaker Properties: Differ from fuses primarily in adjustable characteristics.
- Phase Voltage Measurement: In a balanced delta setup, phase-to-phase voltage can be misinterpreted if improperly grounded.### Harmonic Sources
- Harmonic currents in power systems can arise from variable impedance loads, saturable magnetic loads, and power electronic based loads.
- All listed sources contribute to harmonic generation.
Filter Functions
- Low-pass filters are designed to allow low frequencies to pass while stopping high frequencies.
Motor Poles
- A 3-phase, 60 Hz induction motor with a nameplate speed of 1600 rpm typically has 4 poles.
Data Structures
- An array is defined as a collection of indices and values.
Project Management
- A project manager should establish a reporting process to the boss, work on project scope, consider project costs, develop the project charter, and confirm team member allowances.
Generating Capacity
- Spinning reserve refers to generating capacity that is connected to the grid and ready to take on a load.
Resistance Values
- Two resistances in series and parallel yield a combined resistance of 4.5 ohms in series and 1 ohm in parallel.
Fault Analysis
- Insulation design for underground systems involves analyzing fault levels, commonly measured as a function of normal voltage levels.
Amplifier Gain
- An amplifier with 9% negative feedback and a voltage gain of 10 has a voltage gain of 90 without feedback.
BJT Terminal
- The terminal that represents the control input of a Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) is the base.
Wire Gauge Standards
- The minimum standard wire gauge for earth wire is typically 16 SWG.
Project Network Representation
- An activity in a project network can be depicted using arrows, lines, or nodes.
Ethics Definition
- Ethics encompasses codes of behavior, abstract concepts of right and wrong, and a system of rules established by authority.
Noise Voltage Calculation
- Noise voltage can be calculated using the formula Vnoise = √(4kTR (BW - f)) given specific ambient conditions.
Circuit Breaker Usage
- The air circuit breaker is commonly used at the distribution level in electrical systems.
BJT vs MOSFET
- MOSFET devices have distinct advantages over BJTs in terms of low input current requirements and potential for higher amplification.
Power System Efficiency
- Harmonics in power systems can lead to excessive heating, malfunctioning circuits, and resonance.
Sampling Theorem
- According to the Nyquist Sampling Theorem, to avoid aliasing, the highest frequency must be less than half of the sampling frequency.
Transformer Voltage
- The voltage drop across specific resistors can vary based on the resistor's values and supply voltages in circuits.
Digital Signal Processor (DSP)
- DSPs designed for FFT operations ideally use a fixed-point multiplier with appropriate bit data paths to enhance cost-effectiveness.
Project Scheduling
- Dividing a project into tasks and estimating the necessary time and resources represents project scheduling.
Material Characteristics
- Ceramics are characterized by high resistivity, while metals exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity.
Economic Assessments
- The payback period for an investment can be calculated based on initial investment and anticipated profits.
Reliability in Engineering
- Testing and sustainability evaluations are critical tasks conducted primarily by testing engineers.
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Description
Test your knowledge of key concepts in electrical and electronic engineering with this reviewer material. This quiz covers topics such as alternators, synchronous motors, and micro antennas, providing a great way to prepare for your examinations. Challenge yourself with multiple-choice questions to refine your understanding in the field.
