38 Questions
What is the ploidy of a Promegakaryocyte (MK2)?
8N and 32N
What is the diameter range of a M1-Megakaryoblast?
6-24u
What is the function of the demarcation membrane system (DMS)?
To provide additional surface membrane for the process of platelet production
What is the main cause of iron deficiency anemia?
Chronic blood loss
What is the characteristic lab finding in iron deficiency anemia?
Decreased serum iron
What is a possible secondary cause of sideroblastic anemia?
Hematologic malignancies
What is the association between dacryocytes and hemolytic anemias?
Dacryocytes are associated with hemolytic anemias
What is the most sensitive test for sideroblastic anemia?
Bone marrow test
What is the cause of drepanocytes?
Substitution of valine for glutamic acid
Which of the following is associated with target cells?
Liver disease
What is the association between stromatocytes and alcohol cirrhosis?
Stromatocytes are associated with alcohol cirrhosis
What is the etiology of Basophilic stippling in RBCs?
Nuclear remnants containing DNA
What is the characteristic feature of Heinz bodies in RBCs?
Aggregates of non-refractile, densely staining material
What is the etiology of Echinocytes in RBCs?
Increase in outer leaflet lipid bilayer
What is the association of Spherocytes with hereditary spherocytosis?
Deficiency in spectrin or other skeletal protein
What is the relationship between endomitosis and platelet production?
Endomitosis directly parallels platelet production
What is the mechanism of platelet release?
Individual platelets are released from megakaryocyte cytoplasm into the sinus lumen
What is the etiology of Hemoglobin C and SC crystals found in red cells?
Decreased solubility of hemoglobin C
What are Howell-Jolly bodies found in red cells?
Dense, homogenous, refractile, rounded bodies
What is the main feature of Hereditary Persistence of Fetal Hemoglobin-delta beta thalassemia (HPFH)?
Increased gamma chain production
What is the effect of HPFH on homozygous individuals?
Asymptomatic with little or no anemia
What is the main finding in heterozygous individuals with HPFH?
Increased Hgb F
What is the main mechanism behind microcytic anemia in chronic disease?
Decreased iron release from macrophages
What is the distinguishing feature of stage 2 in the development of iron deficiency anemia?
Microcytic and hypochromic RBCs
What is the main cause of inherited sideroblastic anemia?
Disturbance of heme synthesis enzymes
What is a distinguishing feature of peripheral blood in sideroblastic anemia?
Normal leukocyte and platelet counts
Which of the following is a distinguishing factor between IDA and ACI in terms of sTfR levels?
ACI-sTfR levels are increased
What is the effect of hepcidin on iron absorption and release from macrophages?
Decreases iron absorption and release
What is the difference in bone marrow findings between people with microcytic anemias due to inflammation and those with iron deficiency anemia?
Only inflammation shows increased hemosiderin in macrophages
What is the difference between hemosiderosis and hemochromatosis?
Hemochromatosis involves organ damage while hemosiderosis does not
Which of the following is a characteristic of alpha thalassemia?
Manifests at birth
What is the difference between a silent carrier and alpha thalassemia trait?
Silent carriers have no Barts at birth, alpha thalassemia trait has Barts at birth
What is the cause of beta thalassemia?
Diminished or absent beta chain synthesis
What is the difference between beta thalassemia major and beta thalassemia intermedia?
Beta thalassemia major has Heinz bodies, beta thalassemia intermedia has target cells
What is the hallmark lab finding in homozygous beta thalassemia?
Microcytic, hypochromic anemia with basophilic stippling and nRBCs
Which type of beta thalassemia is characterized by anemia that is more severe than beta thalassemia minor but less severe than beta thalassemia major?
Beta thalassemia intermedia
What is the hallmark lab finding in beta thalassemia minor?
Decreased MVC, MCH, and MCHC
What is the difference between homozygous beta thalassemia and homozygous sickle cell beta thalassemia?
Homozygous beta thalassemia has microcytic, hypochromic anemia with 100% F, while homozygous sickle cell beta thalassemia has microcytic, hypochromic anemia with no Hgb A or A2
Test your knowledge on hematological concepts such as ploidy of promegakaryocyte, diameter range of M1-megakaryoblast, function of demarcation membrane system, causes of iron deficiency anemia, and characteristic lab findings in anemia.
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