L14

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What is the effect of increasing age (over 50 years) on glomerular filtration?

Decrease glomerular filtration (correct)

Block tubular reabsorption

Increase glomerular filtration

Have no impact on glomerular filtration

How does a transporter inhibitor affect drug excretion in the kidney?

Promote glomerular filtration

Inhibit tubular secretion (correct)

Enhance tubular reabsorption

Increase tubular secretion

What happens when a molecule is ionized in urine with increased pH?

Accelerate metabolism by hepatocytes

Increase tubular reabsorption (correct)

Promote glomerular filtration

Enhance cellular permeability

Which substance can lead to trapping weak acid drugs in urine?

NaHCO3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of biologic drugs less than 60 kDa in the kidneys?

Intracellular lysosomal degradation Signup and view all the answers

In pharmacokinetics, what is the function of endocytosis for certain drugs?

Facilitate renal excretion Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the active secretion of drugs via a specific mechanism?

Tubular secretion Signup and view all the answers

What is the main mechanism involved in the removal of glucuronide metabolites in the body?

Intestinal flora breakdown Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary determinant for glomerular filtration of drugs through the kidneys?

Molecular weight cut off around 70,000 Da Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathway involved in the circulation of bile acids, drugs, or metabolites that enter the bile and are transported back to the liver?

Enterohepatic circulation Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the passive diffusion of non-ionized or uncharged lipophilic drugs in the kidneys for elimination?

Tubular reabsorption Signup and view all the answers

What specific enzyme is involved in converting lipophilic drugs into hydrophilic glucuronide metabolites during drug metabolism?

$\beta$-Glucuronidase Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the passive diffusion of uncharged, lipophilic drugs at the distal convoluted tubule?

Tubular reabsorption Signup and view all the answers

What is the major route to excrete small molecular weight drugs that are unbound?

Glomerular filtration Signup and view all the answers

Which transporter is responsible for the active secretion of cationic drugs like metformin?

Organic cation transporter (OCT) Signup and view all the answers

What does urine acidification aim to achieve in cases of amphetamine overdose?

Trap amphetamine in urine Signup and view all the answers

Which type of drugs are mainly secreted against concentration gradient via active transporters in tubular secretion?

Large molecular weight drugs Signup and view all the answers

What happens to charged or ionized molecules of a drug during tubular reabsorption?

They are unable to pass cell membranes Signup and view all the answers

L14

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