28 Questions
What is the term for preventing observer reactivity by making the participants get used to the observer's presence?
Dull rats-observer expectations
In research, what does self-selection sampling involve?
Sampling only those who are easy to contact
What type of sampling involves only selecting individuals who are convenient or easy to reach?
Convenience sampling
Which method relies on selecting a sample that represents the characteristics of the entire population?
Representative sampling
What technique aims to measure behaviors without influencing them by making the participants get used to observation?
Unobtrusive observations
What type of sampling technique involves selecting participants based on specific characteristics or traits?
Purposive sampling
In terms of validity, what does bivariate correlational research focus on?
Construct validity
What does a scatterplot represent in correlational research?
Bivariate associations
Which type of sampling technique involves participants referring other potential participants to be included in the study?
Snowball sampling
What is the main focus of settling the external validity in research design?
Determining the generalizability of data
How are multiple variables typically analyzed in bivariate correlations?
Through an analysis of associations and correlations
What does the effect size describe?
The average effect size in a sample
How can outliers affect the correlation coefficient?
By affecting the range of association
What does a 'small' effect size indicate?
An effect size unlikely to be zero
What is a consideration when evaluating effect sizes?
The replicability of the estimate
How does a 'large' effect size compare to a 'small' effect size?
The large effect size has a stronger relationship
Which factor can impact the association range?
Outliers influence
What is the purpose of using a multiple-treatment design in research?
To study the effects of different treatments in separate phases.
In a multiple-baseline design, what might be a consequence if the treatment effect does not return to baseline?
The effectiveness of the treatment may be in question.
What could be a challenge with a reversal design in research?
Ensuring that the DV is not affected by the treatment.
Why might it be unethical to remove the baseline in a research study?
To avoid potential harm to participants by removing a crucial phase.
What is a key feature of a multiple-baseline design compared to other designs?
Introducing treatments at different times for different participants.
What is a key focus of Phenomenology?
Understanding the meaning of subjective experiences
Which method is used to gain a deeper understanding through qualitative report interviews?
Participant Observation
What is the main characteristic of Grounded Theory approach?
Inductive methodology where theory emerges bottom-up
What is the primary goal of Field Research in qualitative methodology?
To immerse in the field to gather grounded data
In qualitative research, what is the purpose of Focus Groups?
To gather information about selected groups' attitudes and opinions
What distinguishes Qualitative Data from Quantitative Data?
Qualitative data is coded based on research methods
Explore the concept of unobtrusive observations to prevent reactivity in research. Learn how to design investigations that minimize observer expectations and prevent participants' behavior from being altered by the observer's presence. Understand the ethical considerations of researchers observing others' behaviors.
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