Unleash Your Inner Energy Expert

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Which organelle is responsible for the utilization of oxygen as a means of energy extraction in eukaryotes?

Mitochondrion

What is the main function of peroxisomes?

Detoxification

Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP through aerobic respiration?

Mitochondria

Which process led to the accumulation of oxygen in the primitive atmosphere?

<p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure responsible for the formation of ATP in the mitochondrion?

<p>ATP synthase</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the outer mitochondrial membrane?

<p>Regulating the entry and exit of molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the inner mitochondrial membrane?

<p>Synthesizing ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did mitochondria come to exist within eukaryotic cells?

<p>They were engulfed by eukaryotic cells and formed an endosymbiotic relationship</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the mitochondria is rich in protein and contains the electron transport chain and ATP synthase?

<p>Inner membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which shuttle transports malate from the cytosol to the mitochondrial matrix?

<p>Malate-Aspartate Shuttle</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does glycolysis take place in the cell?

<p>Cytosol</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme catalyzes the reaction of oxaloacetate and produces malate in the cytosol?

<p>Malate Dehydrogenase</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which form of NAD is reduced with two electrons to form NADH?

<p>NAD+</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the net gain of ATP molecules produced in glycolysis from one glucose molecule?

<p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the end product of glycolysis?

<p>2 pyruvate, 2 NADH, and 2 ATP molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which shuttle allows NADH formed during glycolysis to enter the mitochondria?

<p>Glycerol Phosphate Shuttle</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process accounts for the production of ATP in our bodies?

<p>Oxidative phosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of mitochondria in ATP synthesis?

<p>Extract energy from organic materials and store it temporarily</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of oxidation in terms of oxygen?

<p>Loss of oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of dehydrogenases in electron transport?

<p>Transfer pairs of electrons from substrates to coenzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme catalyzes the condensation of the 2-carbon acetyl group of CoA with the four-carbon oxaloacetate to form a six-carbon citrate in the TCA cycle?

<p>Citrate synthase</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which step in the TCA cycle generates NADH by oxidizing and decarboxylating α-ketoglutarate?

<p>α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many total carbons from an original glucose molecule will enter into the TCA cycle?

<p>6</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is GTP formed in the TCA cycle?

<p>GTP is a substrate for ATP synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a type of electron carrier in the electron-transport chain of the inner mitochondrial membrane?

<p>NADH</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the active form of an enzyme called?

<p>Holoenzyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the inactive form of an enzyme called?

<p>Apoenzyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or False: Without coenzymes or cofactors, enzymes cannot catalyze reactions effectively.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the enzyme when it loses its cofactor?

<p>Apoenzyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is derived from vitamin B2 (riboflavin)?

<p>FAD</p> Signup and view all the answers

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