Unit 8 Animal Physiology: Reproductive Cycle

Oogenesis begins in the female embryo with the production of oogonia from primordial germ cells. The oogonia divide by mitosis to form cells that begin meiosis, but stop the process at prophase I before birth.

An immature female reproductive cell that gives rise to primary oocytes by mitosis.

Immature eggs.

<p>Developmentally arrested cells that came from the oogonia, each residing within a small follicle cavity lined with protective cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>During embryonic development, before birth. All primary oocytes that are present at birth are the only ones they will ever have.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Depends; it won't actually finish until fertilization. Most of oogenesis is completed between puberty (~12) and menopause (~45-50).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Polar body = Contains maternal DNA but little else Ovum = A mature egg containing maternal DNA, cytoplasm, and organelles</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stimulates growth and maturation of the follicle in preparation for ovulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stimulates the formation of the corpus luteum which helps maintain the endometrium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ovulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Beginning at puberty, FSH stimulates follicles to resume growth. Typically, only one follicle matures each month, with its primary oocyte completing meiosis and the second meiotic division beginning but stopping at metaphase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The follicle supports the primary oocyte and eventually ruptures, leading to ovulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>FSH is released at a fairly balanced rate during the menstrual flow stage, stimulating follicle growth and maturation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>LH has low secretion rates up until day 13, after which it surges to trigger ovulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Estrogen surges at around day 10 during the proliferative phase and drops off until around day 21, where it increases again during the secretory phase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Progesterone levels remain largely inactive until after the Corpus Luteum has formed, then it begins to secrete high levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulates the anterior pituitary to release LH and FSH.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Low levels of estrogen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The inner lining of the uterus, which is released during the first five days of the menstrual cycle.</p> Signup and view all the answers