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Questions and Answers
What is produced in the process of oogenesis?
Ova or eggs
Where does oogenesis take place?
Ovaries
What type of cell division do oogonia undergo and what is produced?
Mitosis and primary oocytes
What type of cell division do the primary oocytes undergo?
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What does the germinal epithelium divide to form?
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When do the primary oocytes mature?
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At puberty, what stimulates the follicles to develop further?
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How many follicles develop and fully mature?
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What does the fully developed follicle develop into?
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What cell division does the primary oocyte undergo and what is produced?
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Where does the Graafian follicle migrate to and when it has migrated, what happens?
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What is the name of the process in which the Graafian follicle rises to the surface, bursts, and releases the secondary oocyte?
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What division does the secondary oocyte now undergo?
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What happens upon fertilisation?
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What occurs after the division has taken place?
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What does the zygote eventually develop into?
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What does the Graafian follicle become following ovulation?
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What is the role of the corpus luteum?
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What happens to the corpus luteum if fertilisation doesn't take place?
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Where is human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) produced?
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Study Notes
Oogenesis Overview
- Oogenesis is the process that produces ova (eggs) in female organisms.
- It primarily occurs in the ovaries.
Cell Division in Oogenesis
- Oogonia undergo mitosis, resulting in the formation of primary oocytes.
- Primary oocytes undergo meiosis, but the process halts at prophase 1.
Follicle Development
- Germinal epithelium cell divisions yield follicle cells that surround primary oocytes and form primary follicles.
- Primary oocytes mature just before ovulation, stimulated by oestrogen at puberty.
Follicle Maturity and Ovulation
- Multiple follicles develop, but only one reaches full maturity.
- The mature follicle transforms into a Graafian follicle.
- The Graafian follicle migrates to the surface of the ovary, eventually bursting to release the secondary oocyte in a process known as ovulation.
Meiotic Divisions
- The primary oocyte undergoes the first meiotic division, resulting in a haploid secondary oocyte and a polar body.
- Upon ovulation, the secondary oocyte enters the second meiotic division, stopping at metaphase unless fertilization occurs.
Fertilization and Zygote Formation
- Upon fertilization, the secondary oocyte completes its division, forming a large ovum and a second polar body.
- The nuclei of the ovum and the sperm combine to form a zygote.
Embryonic Development
- The zygote ultimately develops into an embryo.
Post-Ovulation Changes
- After ovulation, the Graafian follicle transforms into the corpus luteum.
- The corpus luteum plays a crucial role in producing hormones necessary for maintaining pregnancy.
Fate of the Corpus Luteum
- If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum regresses.
hCG Production
- Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) is produced by the corpus luteum, playing an essential role in pregnancy detection.
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Description
Test your knowledge of oogenesis with these flashcards. Learn about the process of egg production, where it occurs, and the types of cell division involved. Perfect for biology students seeking to understand female gametogenesis.