Unit 2: Introduction to Irrigation and Drainage Principles

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Questions and Answers

What determines the extent of the total service area of national irrigation systems?

  • Crop water requirements
  • Soil texture
  • Canal capacity (correct)
  • Leaching requirements

What is the process by which water vapor escapes from living plants?

  • Canal capacity
  • Leaching
  • Evapotranspiration
  • Transpiration (correct)

Which factor improves soil structure and soil productivity?

  • Soil texture
  • Leaching requirements (LR)
  • Crop water requirements (CWR)
  • Drainage (correct)

What increases water infiltration into soils and favors the growth of soil bacteria?

<p>Drainage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What fraction of irrigation water must be leached through the root zone to control soil salinity at a specified level?

<p>Leaching requirements (LR) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a satellite-based instrument used for remote sensing to gather data on river discharge and water levels?

<p>Radar altimeters (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the sum of transpiration and water evaporated from the soil or exterior parts of plants?

<p>Evapotranspiration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the text, what is NOT considered essential after accurately measuring flowing water?

<p>Object modeling (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following techniques is highlighted in the text as crucial for analyzing flow data and generating meaningful reports?

<p>Data visualization techniques (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who created the presentation template mentioned in the text?

<p>Slidesgo (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a discussant mentioned in the text?

<p>John Smith (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is moisture measurement important in irrigated soil?

<p>To optimize water use and irrigation scheduling (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method of moisture measurement involves measuring the change in dielectric constant between two conducting plates buried in the soil?

<p>Capacitance Sensors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of moisture measurement in terms of water management?

<p>Optimal irrigation scheduling (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Irrigation Diversion Requirement (IDR) refer to?

<p>Replenishing lost water during diversion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which device measures soil moisture by injecting a neutron source into the soil?

<p>Neutron Moisture Gauges (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do Capacitance Sensors measure soil moisture?

<p>By sensing the change in dielectric constant between two conducting plates buried in the soil (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of understanding farm irrigation and drainage?

<p>To create favorable conditions for plant growth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is irrigation generally defined?

<p>Application of water to soil for plant growth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is precipitation in meteorological terms?

<p>Product of atmospheric water vapor condensation that falls from clouds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does atmospheric water, other than precipitation, reduce plant water needs?

<p>By reducing forces causing water transpiration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of flood water in relation to plants?

<p>To absorb water for subsequent use by plants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does drainage contribute to crop growth?

<p>By reducing soil moisture content (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is planning and implementing water-saving practices during nondrought periods important?

<p>To contribute to increased resilience during dry spells. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of addressing water distribution equity among different users?

<p>To ensure fair allocation of water resources. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of irrigation channel is most commonly excavated in natural material without artificial lining?

<p>Earth canal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should irrigation channels be stable according to the text?

<p>To eliminate sediment deposition. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main consequence of low velocities in irrigation channels according to the text?

<p>Greater sediment deposition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are water-saving practices important for increasing resilience during dry spells?

<p>To conserve water resources for times of scarcity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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